消费者协会民事公益诉讼的困境与纾解  

Dilemmas and Alleviation of Consumer Association Civil Public Interest Litigation

作　　者：杜晓丽 DU Xiaoli(School of Economic Law School of Environmental Law Henan University of Economics and Law,Zhengzhou Henan 450016)

机构地区：[1]河南财经政法大学经济法学院(环境法学院),河南郑州450016

出　　处：《贵州大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第6期101-111,共11页Journal of Guizhou University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“技术密集型产业中专利积聚的反垄断法研究”(23FFXB024);河南省哲学社会科学规划一般项目“平台经济下数字版权积聚中垄断的防控机制研究”(2023BFX002)。

摘　　要：消费民事公益诉讼是维护消费者权益、促进市场公平竞争的重要路径,是公益诉讼的重要内容。我国在2017年修订《民事诉讼法》时,确立了省级以上消费者协会是民事公益诉讼的第一顺位诉权主体。然而,在司法实践层面,省级以上消费者协会未能充分发挥民事公益诉讼诉权主体职责,主要表现为省级以上消费者协会在应对日益增长的消费纠纷案件时,怠于行使其消费民事公益诉讼诉权,其根源在于消费者协会诉权主体范围狭窄、诉讼动力不足,以及检察机关支持起诉制度缺乏可操作性等问题。为纾解消费者协会提起民事公益诉讼的困境,应强化消费者协会公益诉讼主体地位,加强消费者协会公益诉讼制度建设,优化支持起诉制度,并从信息传递、消费者协会公益诉讼队伍建设等方面完善配套机制。Consumer civil public interest litigation is an important path to protect consumer rights and promote fair competition in the market.And it is also an important part of public interest litigation.China revised the"Civil Procedure Law"in 2017,China revised the“Civil Procedure Law”,establishing consumer associations as the main subject for civil public interest litigation.However,in judicial practice,consumer associations at all levels have not fully fulfilled their responsibilities as the main subject of civil public interest litigation.This is mainly demonstrated by their failure to exercise their rights in consumer civil public interest litigation amidst the increasing number of consumer disputes.The root causes lie in the narrow scope of the consumer association’s litigation subject status,insufficient litigation drive,and the lack of operability in the support for prosecution system by procuratorial organs.To alleviate the dilemmas faced by consumer associations in initiating civil public interest litigation,it is necessary to strengthen its role as the subject in public interest litigation,enhance the construction of public interest litigation system for it,optimize the support for prosecution system,and improve supporting mechanisms from aspects such as information dissemination and the construction of consumer association public interest litigation tea。

关 键 词：消费者 消费者协会 检察机关 消费民事公益诉讼 

分 类 号：D915.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]