豫北地区青贮玉米品种筛选与评价  

Selection and Evaluation of Silage Maize Varieties in Northern Henan Province

作　　者：桑瑞娟 董春阳 张晓霞 刘译丹 孙浩 刘伯帅 马森 李德锋[1,3,4] SANG Rui-juan;DONG Chun-yang;ZHANG Xiao-xia;LIU Yi-dan;SUN Hao;LIU Bo-shuai;MA Sen;LI De-feng(College of Animal Science and Technology,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou,Henan Province 450046,China;Henan Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Station,Zhengzhou,Henan Province 450008,China;Henan Key Laboratory of Forage Resources Innovation and Utilization,Zhengzhou,Henan Province 450046,China;Henan Forage Engineering Technology Research Center,Zhengzhou,Henan Province 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学动物科技学院,河南郑州450046 [2]河南省畜牧技术推广总站,河南郑州450008 [3]河南省饲草资源创新与利用重点实验室,河南郑州450046 [4]河南省牧草工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《草地学报》2024年第11期3472-3479,共8页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-34)资助。

摘　　要：为筛选出适合豫北地区种植,适宜全株青贮也可用于籽粒生产的玉米(Zea mays)品种,本研究选择21个玉米品种,测定了全株生物产量、籽粒产量、持绿性、倒伏率、气生根特性和饲草品质等指标。结果表明:(1)全株干物质产量最高的品种为‘渝单58’(24.98 t·hm^(-2)),其次为‘牧青188’‘大京九26’等;籽粒产量较高的品种为‘牧青188’‘大丰30’等。(2)持绿性较好的品种全株干物质产量较高,适收期较长,籽粒占比低。(3)淀粉含量与全株产量、粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维显著负相关(P<0.05)。(4)穗位较高以及茎秆较细的品种出现了重度倒伏现象,穗位高与倒伏率显著正相关性(P<0.05),地下根数、气生根数、茎粗与倒伏率无显著相关性。结合全株干物质产量、籽粒产量、营养品质得分、持绿性、抗倒伏性指标对各品种进行综合评价,‘牧青188’‘大丰30’‘大京九166’综合表现较好,适合在豫北地区推广种植。In order to screen out suitable maize(Zea mays)varieties for silage and grain production in northern Henan province,we selected 21 maize varieties to assess their total biomass yield,grain yield,stay-green characteristics,lodging rate,aerial root characteristics and nutrient quality.The result showed that:(1)The highest total biomass yield was Yudan 58(24.98 t·ha^(-1)),followed by Muqing 188 and Dajingjiu 26.The highest grain yield was Muqing 188 and Dafeng 30.(2)Varieties with better stay-green characteristics demonstrated higher total biomass yields,extended harvesting period and lower grain proportion.(3)Starch content was negatively correlated with total biomass yield,crude protein,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber(P<0.05).(4)Varieties with taller ear height and thinner stem experienced severe lodging.The lodging rate was positively correlated with ear height(P<0.05),and displayed no significant correlated with stem diameter,number of soil rooting and aerial rooting.Based on comprehensive evaluation of total biomass yield,grain yield,nutrient quality,stay-green characteristics and lodging resistance indicators,Muqing 188,Dafeng 30 and Dajingjiu 166 demonstrated superior overall performance,and could be recommended for planting in northern Henan Province.

关 键 词：青贮玉米 品种 生产性能 营养品质 综合评价 

分 类 号：S548[农业科学—作物学]