墨家逻辑与批判性思维  

Mohist Logic and Critical Thinking

作　　者：杨武金[1] YANG Wujin(Philosophy School,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学哲学院,北京100872

出　　处：《山西大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第6期61-67,共7页Journal of Shanxi University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“墨学核心思想及其当代价值”(2011GS0110)。

摘　　要：墨家逻辑和批判性思维学科之间存在密切联系。墨家“三物”逻辑理论与批判性思维的基本框架同构。墨家“三物”逻辑关于推论的“故、理、类”三个条件必须具备才能得出结论的思想,相当于批判性思维中关于论证的真实性、充足性和相关性三个基本标准。墨家逻辑在多个方面展现出批判性思维的理论特征,批判性思维的反思性、建构性和规范性等基本特征,在墨家逻辑中得到充分体现。墨家逻辑在墨家社会政治思想的具体应用上体现了批判性思维的基本精神。墨家在论证其基本观点的时候,常常将这些观点在现实中或者在将来有可能存在的不同看法和可能遭到的反驳呈现出来并加以分析和回应。There are close connections between Mohist logic and critical thinking.The theory of Mohist three-phase logic is isomorphic to the basic framework structure of critical thinking.Mohist thought that only when the three-phase(causes,reasons,and classes)are all present is it sufficient for the conclusion is correspond to the three basic standards of authenticity,adequacy and correlation in critical thinking.Mohist logic exhitits the theortical characteristics of critical thinking in multiple aspects.The basic characteristics of reflexivity,constructiveness and regularity in critical thinking are fully reflected in Mohist logic.Mohist logic embodies the basic spirit of critical thinking in the specific application of Mohist social and political thought.When demonstrating its basic points,Mohism often presents,analyses and responds to the different views and possible refutations on these points that may exist in reality or in future.

关 键 词：墨家逻辑 批判性思维 三物逻辑 

分 类 号：B811[哲学宗教—逻辑学]