“再现”在当代美学中的发展——从古德曼对“再现”的重释说起  

On the Development of the“Theory of Representation”in Contemporary Aesthetics:Nelson Goodman’s Reinterpretation of“Representation”and Beyond

作　　者：张冰 ZHANG Bing(Institute of Art Studies,Chinese National Academy of Arts,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]中国艺术研究院艺术学研究所,北京100012

出　　处：《山西大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第6期84-91,共8页Journal of Shanxi University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金西部项目“分析美学关键词与当代中国美学话语建设研究”(19XZX017)。

摘　　要：再现观在西方艺术和美学发展史上是雄踞了两千多年的观念,然而到20世纪下半叶,随着艺术实践领域出现的重大断裂,这一观念开始遭受前所未有的挑战。为应对这一挑战,分析美学家选择重审“再现”,赋予它以新的内涵,其中古德曼的观点最有影响。他提出,相似不是再现的充分条件,再现与其所再现的对象之间的关系是一种指谓或指称,即所谓的再现,不再是所谓“A再现了B”,而是“A指谓或指称了B”。这种指谓是一种代表和象征,与相似无关。在古德曼的启发与影响下,20世纪60年代以后,在分析美学界内外提出了很多对再现的新解释,被统称为“新再现说”。然而分析美学的症结在于,分析美学家们虽对当代艺术做出积极回应,但其理论态度又有保守性,后者使得他们的理论很难有重大突破。实际上,新的艺术现象需要新的艺术理论话语与体系。In the history of the Western art and aesthetics,the theory of representation has been dominant for more than two thousand years.But it has been to face unprecedented challenges since 1950s,because of the major rupture in the field of art practice.In order to cope with these challenges,analytic estheticians chose to re-examine“representation”and gave it new connotations,among which Goodman's view was the most influential.He proposed that resemblance was not the sufficient condition for representation,and the relationship between representation and the represented world was referential or denotational,i.e.the so-called representation was no longer so called“A represented B”,but“A referred to or denoted B”,where the“referred”or“denoted”meant“stood for”or“symbolized”.The connotation of representation was irrelevant to resemblance.Inspired by Goodman,since 1960s,many new interpretations of representation have been put forward both inside and outside the field of analytic aesthetics,which were collectiverly called“new representation theory”.However,the crux of analytic aesthetics was that although analytic estheticians responded poditively to contemporary art,their position was conservative,which made it difficult for them to make a major breakthrough in their theory.In fact,new art phenomenon needs a new art theory discourse system.

关 键 词：再现 古德曼 相似 新再现说 信息论 

分 类 号：I01[文学—文学理论]