青少年心理健康状况调查及心理干预效果评价  

Investigation of psychological health status and evaluation of psychological intervention effectiveness in adolescents

作　　者：鲁晓辉[1] 李妍 芦红燕[1] 李幼东[3] LU Xiaohui;LI Yan;LU Hongyan;LI Youdong(Department of Psychology,Shijiazhuang Third Hospital,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050011,China;Teaching-research Office of Psychology,Department of Nursing,Shijiazhuang People's Medical College,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050011,China;Department of Psychology,The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050030,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄市第三医院心理科,河北石家庄050011 [2]石家庄市人民医专高等专科学校护理系心理教研室,河北石家庄050011 [3]河北医科大学第一医院心理科,河北石家庄050030

出　　处：《职业与健康》2024年第18期2544-2548,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：石家庄市科学技术研究与发展计划项目(211460863)。

摘　　要：目的调查青少年心理健康状况,评价心理干预效果,为促进青少年心理健康提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,于2022年1—12月对来自石家庄市5所中学的3000名青少年学生进行问卷调查,通过症状自评量表(symptom check list 90,SCL-90)进行心理健康测试,采用logistic回归分析筛选青少年学生心理健康的主要影响因素,对存在心理障碍的青少年学生实施心理干预,比较干预前后SCL-90各因子评分差异。结果共回收有效问卷2857份,其中正常心理2045人,占71.57%,心理障碍812人,占28.42%。Logisitic回归分析显示,女性、毕业班、非完整家庭、独生子女及留守状态是青少年学生心理障碍发生的独立危险因素,父亲、母亲文化程度高是青少年学生心理健康的保护因素(均P<0.05)。812名发生心理障碍的青少年学生心理干预后SCL-90量表躯体化、人际关系敏感、强迫症状、抑郁、敌对、焦虑、偏执、恐怖、精神病性以及其他因子分均较干预前降低(均P<0.05)。结论青少年学生中心理障碍发生比例仍较高,心理干预的实施可有效提高青少年学生心理健康水平。Objective To investigate the psychological health status in adolescents,and to evaluate psychological intervention effect so as to provide evidence for promoting adolescent psychological health.Methods A stratified group random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 3000 adolescent students from five middle schools in Shijiazhuang from January to December 2022.The symptom check list 90(SCL-90)was used for psychological health testing,and logistic regression analysis was used to screen the main influencing factors of adolescent students'psychological health.The adolescents with psychological disorders were given psychological intervention,and the differences in SCL-90 factor scores before and after intervention were compared.Results A total of 2857 valid questionnaires were collected,including 2045 individuals with healthy psychology,accounting for 71.57%,and 812 individuals with psychological disorders,accounting for 28.42%.Logisitic regression analysis showed that female,graduating class,incomplete family,only child and left-behind status were independent risk factors of adolescent psychological disorders,while high education levels of parents was a protective factor for adolescent students'psychological health(all P<0.05).After psychological intervention,the scores of SCL-90(somatization,interpersonal sensitivity,obsessive-compulsive symptoms,depression,hostility,anxiety,paranoia,terror,psychoticismand other factors)of 812 adolescent students with psychological disorders decreased compared to before intervention(all P<0.05).Conclusion The proportion of psychological disorders among adolescent students is still relatively high,and the implementation of psychological interventions can effectively improve the psychological health level of adolescent students.

关 键 词：青少年学生 心理健康 现状调查 心理干预 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]