营养教育对孕妇维生素D营养状况的影响  

Impact of nutrition education on vitamin D nutritional status in pregnant women

作　　者：张玉萍 李蕊[1] 钟晓琴 刘燕萍[1] Zhang Yuping;Li Rui;Zhong Xiaoqin;Liu Yanping(Department of Clinical Nutrition,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China;Xiamen Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Health&Nutrition Products,Xiamen 361005,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院临床营养科,北京100730 [2]厦门市母婴健康营养产品重点实验室,厦门361005

出　　处：《中华健康管理学杂志》2024年第11期824-829,共6页Chinese Journal of Health Management

基　　金：中央高水平医院临床科研业务费(2022-PUMCH-B-055)。

摘　　要：目的探讨营养教育对孕妇维生素D营养状况的影响。方法本研究为随机对照试验, 采用便利抽样方法于2021年1—10月在北京协和医院临床营养科孕期营养门诊选取规律随诊的96例孕8~13周维生素D缺乏女性为研究对象, 依据随机数字表法分为对照组与试验组(各48例)。对照组接受门诊常规诊疗, 根据维生素D缺乏程度给予不同剂量维生素D补充剂。试验组在此基础上增加营养教育, 包括孕8~13周发放维生素D宣教手册, 评估维生素D摄入及对维生素D的认知, 提供个体化维生素D营养状况改善方案, 孕24~28周、孕36~38周各1次维生素D营养状况评估及指导, 持续促进维生素D健康。研究过程中因流产或资料获取不全等因素, 最终纳入对照组44例, 试验组42例。采用非参数检验Mann-WhitneyU比较两组孕24~28周和孕36~38周维生素D营养状况, 分析营养教育对孕妇维生素D营养状况的影响。结果孕8~13周, 两组血清25-羟维生素D[25(OH)D]浓度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);孕24~28周, 试验组血清25(OH)D浓度、维生素D营养状况正常比例均显著高于对照组[29.90(24.63, 34.28)比25.65(21.50, 31.28)μg/L、50.0%比29.5%](均P<0.05);孕36~38周, 两组血清25(OH)D浓度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05), 但对照组和试验组维生素D营养状况正常比例分别为80.5%和70.7%, 较孕8~13周、孕24~28周明显提升。两组时间主效应显著(F=201.040;P<0.001)。结论营养教育可提升孕妇对维生素D的认知、促进行为改变, 改善维生素D营养状况。Objective To explore the impact of nutrition education on the vitamin D nutritional status of pregnant women.Methods It was a randomized controlled trial.A total of 96 women with vitamin D deficiency at 8-13 weeks of gestation who were regularly followed-up in the pregnancy nutrition clinic of the Department of Clinical Nutrition of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January to October 2021 were selected by convenience sampling.The women were divided into a control group and an experimental group(48 cases in each group)according to the random number table method.The control group received routine outpatient treatment and was given different doses of vitamin D supplements according to the degree of vitamin D deficiency.On this basis,the experimental group were given additional nutritional education,including the distribution of vitamin D education manuals at 8-13 weeks of pregnancy,the assessment of vitamin D intake and cognition of vitamin D,the provision of individualized vitamin D nutritional status improvement plans,and the one-time assessment and guidance of vitamin D nutritional status at 24-28 weeks and 36-38 weeks of pregnancy,to continuously promote vitamin D health.Due to factors such as miscarriage or incomplete data acquisition during the study,44 cases were finally included in the control group and 42 cases in the experimental group.The non-parametric test Mann-Whitney U was used to compare the vitamin D nutritional status of the two groups at 24-28 weeks and 36-38 weeks of pregnancy,and to analyze the effect of nutritional education on the vitamin D nutritional status of pregnant women.Results At 8-13 weeks of pregnancy,there was no significant difference in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D]concentration between the two groups(P>0.05).At 24-28 weeks of pregnancy,the serum 25(OH)D concentration and the proportion of pregnant women with normal vitamin D nutritional status in the experimental group were both significantly higher than those in the control group[29.90(24.63,34.28)vs 25.65(21.50,3

关 键 词：孕妇 妊娠 维生素D 营养教育 营养状况 

分 类 号：R153.1[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]