婴幼儿口腔健康行为与2年后患龋状况的相关性  

Correlation between oral health behaviors and the incidence of dental caries two years later in infants and toddlers

作　　者：赵梅[1] 苗澍曦 陈薇[1] 任雯 张辉[1] 侯玮[1] 刘敏[1] Zhao Mei;Miao Shuxi;Chen Wei;Ren Wen;Zhang Hui;Hou Wei;Liu Min(Department of Preventive Dentistry,Beijing Stomatological Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京口腔医院口腔预防科,北京100050

出　　处：《中华健康管理学杂志》2024年第11期843-847,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Management

基　　金：中华口腔医学会口腔医生龋病防治能力提升计划(CSA-ICP2022-07)。

摘　　要：目的分析婴幼儿口腔健康行为与2年后患龋状况的相关性。方法本研究为回顾性队列研究, 基于北京市口腔公共项目网络数据系统, 调取同时在2021年参加0~3岁项目和2023年参加3~6岁氟化泡沫项目的儿童1 663例;2021年样本儿童2岁, 由家长回答婴幼儿患龋相关的11个问题, 婴幼儿同时有4个及以上的致龋因素, 判定患龋风险等级为"危险", 反之判定为"安全";2023年样本儿童4岁, 由口腔医生进行患龋状况检查;比较儿童2岁时不同患龋风险等级与4岁时患龋状况的相关性。结果经常含奶入睡, 晚上喝夜奶, 进食后很少漱口或喝水的婴幼儿, 2年后的患龋率和龋失补牙数较高(均P<0.05)。父母不是每天给刷牙, 没有用过牙线, 每天进食糖果或点心等甜食2次及以上的婴幼儿, 2年后的患龋率和龋失补牙数都较高(均P<0.001)。1 174例(70.6%)2岁儿童的患龋风险等级为"危险", 489例(29.6%)2岁儿童的患龋风险等级为"安全", 2年后"危险"组的患龋率高于"安全"组(52.7%比41.5%, χ^(2)=17.36, P<0.001), "危险"组的龋均高于"安全"组[1(0, 4)比0(0, 2), H=-4.789, P<0.001]。结论婴幼儿口腔健康行为与2年后的患龋密切相关, 基于问卷的龋风险评估具有可行性。ObjectiveTo analyze the correlation between oral health behaviors and the incidence of dental caries two years later in infants and toddlers.Methods It was a retrospective cohort study.Based on the Beijing Stomatological Public Project Network data system,1663 children were recruited to participate in 0-3 years project in 2021 and 3-6 years fluoridated foam project in 2023.In 2021,the children were 2 years old,the parents answered 11 questions related to dental caries in the children.The children with four or more caries-inducing factors were classified as having a"high risk"of developing dental caries,otherwise,they were classified as"low risk".In 2023,the children were 4 years old,and their caries status was checked by the dentists.The correlation between different caries risk levels at the age of 2 and caries status at the age of 4 in the children was compared.Results Infants who often fell asleep with milk,drank night milk at night,and rarely gargle or drink water after eating had a relatively high caries rate and caries after 2 years,and the difference was statistically significant(all,P<0.05).Infants whose parents did not brush their teeth every day,did not floss,and ate sweets or snacks twice or more a day had a relatively high caries rate and caries after 2 years,and the difference was statistically significant(all,P<0.001).The caries risk of 1174(70.6%)2-year-old children was rated as"dangerous",and that of 489(29.6%)2-year-old children was rated as"safe".After 2 years,the incidence of dental caries in"dangerous"group was higher than that in the"safe"group(52.7%vs 41.5%,χ^(2)=17.36,P<0.001),and the DMFT index in"dangerous"group was also higher than that in the"safe"group(1(0,4)比0(0,2),H=-4.789,P<0.001).Conclusions Oral health behavior is closely related to the incidence of dental caries caries 2 years later in infants and toddlers,and questionnaire-based caries risk assessment is feasible.

关 键 词：龋齿 口腔健康行为 儿童口腔保健 问卷调查 

分 类 号：R788.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]