Emerging and reemerging infectious diseases: global trends and new strategies for their prevention and control  

作　　者：Shen Wang Wujian Li Zhenshan Wang Wanying Yang Entao Li Xianzhu Xia Feihu Yan Sandra Chiu 

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control,Changchun Veterinary Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun,130000,China [2]College of Veterinary Medicine,Jilin University,Changchun,Jilin,China [3]College of Veterinary Medicine,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun,Jilin,China [4]Division of Life Sciences and Medicine,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei,230027,Anhui,China [5]Key Laboratory of Anhui Province for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases,Hefei,230027,Anhui,China [6]Department of Laboratory Medicine,the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC,Division of Life Sciences and Medicine,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei,Anhui,China

出　　处：《Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy》2024年第10期4246-4313,共68页信号转导与靶向治疗（英文）

摘　　要：To adequately prepare for potential hazards caused by emerging and reemerging infectious diseases, the WHO has issued a list of high-priority pathogens that are likely to cause future outbreaks and for which research and development (R&D) efforts are dedicated, known as paramount R&D blueprints. Within R&D efforts, the goal is to obtain effective prophylactic and therapeutic approaches, which depends on a comprehensive knowledge of the etiology, epidemiology, and pathogenesis of these diseases. In this process, the accessibility of animal models is a priority bottleneck because it plays a key role in bridging the gap between in-depth understanding and control efforts for infectious diseases. Here, we reviewed preclinical animal models for high priority disease in terms of their ability to simulate human infections, including both natural susceptibility models, artificially engineered models, and surrogate models. In addition, we have thoroughly reviewed the current landscape of vaccines, antibodies, and small molecule drugs, particularly hopeful candidates in the advanced stages of these infectious diseases. More importantly, focusing on global trends and novel technologies, several aspects of the prevention and control of infectious disease were discussed in detail, including but not limited to gaps in currently available animal models and medical responses, better immune correlates of protection established in animal models and humans, further understanding of disease mechanisms, and the role of artificial intelligence in guiding or supplementing the development of animal models, vaccines, and drugs. Overall, this review described pioneering approaches and sophisticated techniques involved in the study of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, prevention, and clinical theatment of WHO high-priority pathogens and proposed potential directions. Technological advances in these aspects would consolidate the line of defense, thus ensuring a timely response to WHO high priority pathogens.

关 键 词：PREVENTION EPIDEMIOLOGY DRUGS 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]