山东省沂蒙农村地区8~16月龄婴幼儿语言理解水平调查研究  

Investigation on language comprehension level of infants aged 8 to 16 months in Yimeng rural area,Shandong province

作　　者：汪永娟 王超霞 王艳霞[2] 马先生 Wang Yongjuan;Wang Chaoxia;Wang Yanxia;Ma Xiansheng(Department of Child Health,People's Hospital of Juxian,Shandong,Juxian 276500,China;Department of Child Health,the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Shandong,Qingdao 266003,China)

机构地区：[1]莒县人民医院儿童保健科,山东莒县276500 [2]青岛大学附属医院儿童保健科,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《发育医学电子杂志》2024年第6期445-450,共6页Journal of Developmental Medicine (Electronic Version)

基　　金：青岛大学医疗集团科研专项(YLJT20202009)。

摘　　要：目的了解山东省沂蒙农村地区8~16月龄婴幼儿的语言理解水平。方法2021年1月至2022年4月,采用多阶段随机抽样方法抽取沂蒙农村地区代表县莒县的12个乡镇作为调查点,根据常规儿童保健资料编制调查底册,按月龄分层随机抽取8个月~16个月14 d的523名婴幼儿进行调查。使用普通话版《汉语沟通发展量表》(Chinese Communicative Development Inventory,CDI)的第一部分“早期语言”进行调查分析。统计学方法采用Mann-Whitney U检验。结果纳入研究的523名婴幼儿中,91.0%(476/523)的调查量表由母亲填写。初期对语言的反应:8月龄婴幼儿中49.4%(38/77)对“自己的名字”“别xx/不许xx”“妈妈/爸爸在哪里”此3项均有反应,到15月龄时达87.5%(35/40),16月龄时才全部有反应。听懂的短句:8月龄时,婴幼儿能听懂约7个短句,16月龄时能听懂25个,与北京城区儿童比较,8~14月龄时平均少4~8个短句,15月龄与16月龄逐渐接近北京城区儿童。各月龄男女童听懂的短句数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。词汇理解:婴幼儿能听懂的词汇量逐月增多,到8月龄时词汇理解量为27个,到16月龄时达267个,听懂的词汇中名词和动词最多。名词和动词理解量达到50个的时间分别是12月龄和15月龄,形容词和副词理解量到16月龄时达到30个。结论山东省沂蒙农村地区8~16月龄婴幼儿语言理解水平随月龄逐渐增加,语言理解水平略低于国内城市婴幼儿。Objective To investigate the language comprehension level of infants aged 8 to 16 months in Yimeng rural area,Shandong province.Method From January 2021 to April 2022,12 townships in Ju county,a representative county of the Yimeng rural area,were selected as survey sites using a multistage random sampling method.A survey booklet was compiled on the basis of routine children's health care information,and 523 infants aged 8 months to 16 months and 14 days were randomly selected for the survey in strata according to their age in months.The survey was analyzed using the mandarin version of the Chinese Communicative Development Inventory(CDI),part 1,"early language".Statistical method performed by Mann-Whitney U test.Result A total of 523 infants were enrolled into this study.91.0%(476/523)of the survey scales was filled out by mothers.Initial response to language:49.4%(38/77)of the infants had responded to the three factors at 8 months,including"their own name""don't xx""where is mom/dad".The proportion rose to 87.5%(35/40)at 15 months,and the infants had responded to all the three factors at 16 months.Comprehensible short sentences:at 8 months,infants can understand approximately 7 short sentences,and at 16 months,they can understand 25 short sentences.Compared with the children in Beijing urban area,they understanded 4-8 fewer short sentences on average from 8 to 14 months,but gradually caught up by 15 months and 16 months.There was no significant difference in the number of comprehensible short sentences between boys and girls at each age(P>0.05).Vocabulary comprehension:the number of words that infants can understand increased month by month.At 8 months,the vocabulary comprehension was 27 words,reaching 267 words by 16 months,with nouns and verbs being the most understood words.The time to comprehend 50 nouns and verbs was 12 months and 15 months,respectively,while the comprehension of 30 adjectives and adverbs reached by 16 months.Conclusion The language comprehension level of infants from 8 to 16 months in Yime

关 键 词：婴幼儿 农村 语言发育 词汇理解 保健 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]