不同因素对油桐果及桐饼粕成分影响研究  

Effects of Different Factors on the Composition of Tung Oil Fruit and Tung Cake Meal

作　　者：王玮 郑科[3] 王跃光 蒋立强 WANG Wei;ZHENG Ke;WANG Yue-guang;JIANG Li-qiang(Qiubei County Shuanglong Oil Co.,Ltd,Wenshan 663200,Yunnan,P.R.China;College of Materials and Chemical Engineering,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,Yunnan,P.R.China;Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland Sciences,Kunming 650201,Yunnan,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]丘北县双龙油脂有限责任公司,云南文山663200 [2]西南林业大学材料与化学工程学院,云南昆明650224 [3]云南省林业和草原科学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《林产工业》2024年第11期52-56,共5页China Forest Products Industry

基　　金：云南省创新引导与科技型企业培育计划项目“油桐资源开发应用技术研究与示范”(202204BP090007)。

摘　　要：废弃桐饼粕所含化学物质可用作天然杀虫杀菌的有机肥料,为实现其高效利用,以云南省丘北县油桐(Vernicia fordii)为研究对象,以采摘时间、树种和树龄为研究因素,通过凯氏定氮法和索氏提取法对油桐果及桐饼粕进行重量分析和成分测定。结果表明:10月26日和11月5日采摘三年桐的果灰和果种子重量高于千年桐,且果壳重量较低,在20年树龄时相对重量占比最佳为37%:28%:35%;10月26日采摘15年树龄的三年桐的果壳及桐饼粕氮含量最高分别为5.04%和44.63%,桐饼粕粗脂肪含量为14.50%。综上,根据不同的树种和树龄优化收获时间可较大幅度提高油桐果的产量和重量,增加油桐的经济价值,为后续油桐果及衍生产品的高效利用和可持续发展提供参考。In order to realize its efficient utilization,Vernicia fordii in Qiubei County,Yunnan Province was taken as the research object,and the pickingup time,tree species and age were taken as the research factors,and the gravimetric analysis and composition determination of Tung oil fruit and Tung cake meal were carried out by Kjeldahl method and Soxhlet extraction method.The results showed that the weight of ash and seeds of three-year-old Tung tree picked on October 26 and November 5 was higher than that of millennium tree,and the weight of fruit shell was lower,and the relative weight proportion was 37%∶28%∶35%at 20 years old.On October 26,the 15-year-old three-year-old Tung cake meal had the highest nitrogen content of 5.04%and 44.63%,respectively,and the crude fat content of Tung cake meal was 14.50%.In conclusion,optimizing the harvest time according to different tree species and tree age can greatly increase the yield and weight of Tung oil fruit,increase the economic value of Tung oleifera,and provide a reference for the efficient utilization and sustainable development of Tung oil fruit and its derivative products.

关 键 词：桐饼粕 油桐果 重量 氮含量 粗脂肪含量 采摘时间 树种 

分 类 号：TS6[轻工技术与工程] TS396