太仓市中小学生营养状况及影响因素分析  

Study on Nutritional Status and Its Influencing Factors among Primary and Middle School Students in Taicang

作　　者：郭尧政 郝靖文 Guo Yaozheng;Hao Jingwen(Taicang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Taicang,Jiangsu,215400,China)

机构地区：[1]太仓市疾病预防控制中心,江苏太仓215400

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2024年第11期80-84,共5页Chinese Primary Health Care

摘　　要：目的:了解江苏省太仓市中小学生营养状况现状,分析其可能有关的影响因素。方法:依托2022年太仓市开展的中小学生常见病和健康影响因素监测项目,采用分层整群随机抽样法抽取1 776名中小学生,开展体格测量和问卷调查。结果:调查的1 776名太仓市中小学生消瘦率为5.29%,超重和肥胖检出率分别为16.89%和16.27%;不同性别中小学生营养状况差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),不同年龄、学段、地区的中小学生营养状况差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。logistic回归分析结果显示,男生消瘦、超重、肥胖的发生风险均比女生高,高腰围中小学生超重和肥胖风险较高,血压正常的中小学生较高血压中小学生发生超重(OR=0.306)和肥胖(OR=0.202)的风险低。睡眠时长<10 h发生肥胖的风险较低(OR=0.436)。每周从来不吃水果的中小学生消瘦检出率较高(OR=3.460),吃水果频次每天小于1次(OR=0.362)和每天1次(OR=0.483)的中小学生相对于每天吃2次及以上中小学生的肥胖风险低。结论:太仓市中小学生营养不足与营养过剩状况同时存在,男生的问题尤为突出。营养状况与睡眠和饮食行为存在关联,提示应重视中小学生的营养问题,及时开展健康干预行动,保障和促进儿童青少年健康。OBJECTIVE To understand the nutritional status of students in Taicang,and analyze the possible influencing factors.METHODS Based on the 2022 monitoring project of common diseases and health influencing factors of student in Taicang,1776 stu⁃dents were randomly selected by stratified cluster sampling to carry out physical measurement and questionnaire survey.RESULTS Among the 1776 Taicang students surveyed,the prevalence of wasting was 5.29%,the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 16.89%and 16.27%.The nutritional status of primary and secondary school students was different between genders(P<0.01).Logistic analysis showed that the risk of emaciation,overweight and obesity in boys was higher than that in girls.Students with high waist circumference have a higher risk of overweight and obesity.Normal blood pressure had a lower risk of overweight(OR=0.306)and obesity(OR=0.202)than those students with hypertension.Sleep duration less than 10 hours had a lower risk of obesity(OR=0.436).Students who never ate fruit every week had a higher detection rate of wasting(OR=3.460),and those who ate fruit less than once a day(OR=0.362)and once(OR=0.483)had a lower risk of obesity,compared with those who ate fruit twice or more times a day.CONCLUSION The malnutri⁃tion and overnutrition of students in Taicang exist at the same time,and the problem of boys is particularly serious.Nutritional status is associated with sleep and eating behavior.It is suggested that attention should be paid to the nutritional problems of primary and second⁃ary school students,and timely health interventions should be carried out to ensure and promote the health of children and adolescents.

关 键 词：中小学生 营养状况 影响因素 肥胖 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]