新疆南疆地区小学教师国家通用语言辅音语音面貌特征及教学策略研究  

Research on the Phonetic Features and Teaching Strategies of Consonants in the Standard Spoken Chinese of Southern Xinjiang Primary School Teachers

作　　者：贾媛[1,2] 左欣橦 JIA Yuan;ZUO Xin-tong(Institute of Linguistics,Beijing 102488,China;University,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院语言研究所,北京102488 [2]中国社会科学院大学,北京102488

出　　处：《喀什大学学报》2024年第5期55-63,共9页Journal of Kashi University

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“面向新疆义务教育的语言资源数据库建设及应用研究”(20&ZD294)。

摘　　要：面向新时代全面加强民族地区教师国家通用语言文字教育和加大国家通用语言推广力度的重大需求,本研究采用实验语音学研究方法,对新疆南疆地区少数民族教师国家通用语言的擦音和塞擦音的语音面貌特征进行系统研究。具体而言,研究通过对比少数民族教师发音时长、谱重心、离散度和共振峰等声学参数与标准发音人之间的差异。结果表明,在时长方面,少数民族教师的擦音与塞擦音总体习得情况较好;谱重心和离散度数据表明,学习者存在混淆的情况;从共振峰看,擦音的声学特征更接近国家通用语言发音人,习得情况好于塞擦音。基于上述结果,研究进一步提出了南疆教师辅音习得难度顺利等级和有针对性的训练策略,以有效提升教师国家通用语言习得辅音的准确性和学习效率。In response to the significant demand for comprehensively strengthening the education and promotion of Standard Spoken and Written Chinese Language for teachers in minority districts,this research adopts experimental phonetics methods to systematically study the phonetic features of fricatives and affricates in the Standard Spoken Chinese Language of Uyghur primary school teachers in Xinjiang southern Uyghur Autonomous Region.Specifically,the research reveals the impact of Uyghur language on the pronunciation of Standard Spoken Chinese by comparing acoustic parameters,such as pronunciation duration,centre of gravity,standard deviation,and formants,between Uyghur primary school teachers and standard Chinese speakers.The results indicate that in terms of duration,Uyghur primary school teachers have a better overall acquisition of fricatives and affricates;the centre of gravity and standard deviation data indicate confusion among learners;in terms of formants,the acoustic parameters of fricatives are closer to those of native speakers,and they are better acquired than affricates.Based on the above results,this research further proposes a hierarchy of difficulty levels in consonant acquisition for teachers in southern Xinjiang and the targeted training strategies to effectively improve the accuracy and learning efficiency of consonant acquisition of Standard spoken Chinese for the teachers.

关 键 词：国家通用语言 小学教师 擦音 塞擦音 声学分析 

分 类 号：H02[语言文字—语言学] H107