基于多目标函数的钢轨打磨廓形优选研究  

Research on Optimizing Rail Grinding Profile Based on Multi-objective Functions

作　　者：刘永乾[1,2] 任尊松 侯银庆[2] 王军平 LIU Yongqian;REN Zunsong;HOU Yinqing;WANG Junping(School of Mechanical,Electronic and Control Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;China Railway Materials Operation and Maintenance Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100036,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院,北京100044 [2]中铁物总运维科技有限公司,北京100036

出　　处：《铁道学报》2024年第11期66-74,共9页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U2368215);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(N2022G043)。

摘　　要：针对CR400BF和CRH5动车组6~8 Hz主频车体抖动问题,从改善轮轨关系角度出发,分别建立车轮踏面和钢轨廓形样本库,通过确定目标函数和设置边界条件求解得到优选钢轨廓形。建立实参数车辆-轨道刚柔耦合动力学模型和轮轨接触弹塑性有限元模型,通过仿真分析对比优选钢轨廓形和60N廓形的等效锥度、动力学指标和轮轨接触应力。按优选钢轨廓形进行钢轨打磨试验,结果表明:优选钢轨廓形与磨耗车轮踏面匹配时轮轨关系改善,等效锥度小于上限值0.4;与不同磨耗车轮踏面匹配时,优选钢轨廓形动力学指标优于60N,且轮轨接触应力和打磨量均更小;按优选钢轨廓形进行钢轨打磨后,CR400BF、CRH5动车组舒适度、平稳性指标分别减小15.7%、13.1%以上,车体振动加速度主频消除。优选钢轨廓形可有效缓解CR400BF和CRH5动车组车体抖动,优选方法和实施流程可为相关问题研究提供参考。In response to the abnormal vibration for basic frequency in 6~8 Hz of the car bodies of CR400BF and CRH5 high-speed trains,a wheel tread sample database and a rail profile sample database were established.Firstly,with the objective function being determined,the normalization theory was used to compare and analyze different dimensional parameters,and then the boundary conditions were set to solve the optimal rail profile.With the establishment of a vehicle-track rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model with real parameters,the optimal rail profile was compared with the initial rail profile 60N by dynamic simulation.The rail grinding test was carried out in the car body shaking section according to the optimized profile.The results show that the wheel-rail relationship between the optimized profile and the wheel tread with serious wear is improved,with the equivalent taper less than the upper limit value of 0.4.When matched with different worn treads,the optimized profile is superior to 60N in terms of wheel-rail force,creep force,stationarity index and derailment coefficient,with less wheel-rail contact stress and grinding amount.After rail grinding according to the optimized profile,the comfort index of CR400BF and CRH5 are reduced by more than 15.7%,with the stationarity index being reduced by more than 13.1%.With the elimination of the main frequencies of car body vibration acceleration,the body feel is improved significantly.The optimal profile can alleviate the abnormal vibration of CR400BF and CRH5 car bodies effectively,which provides a reference for the study of related problems.

关 键 词：车体抖动 多目标函数 钢轨廓形 钢轨打磨 轮轨关系 

分 类 号：U216.8[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]