推进长江流域已建水利水电工程生态流量保障与管理的思考  

Thoughts on ecological flow guarantee and management for existing water conservancy and hydropower projects in the Yangtze River Basin

作　　者：刘兆孝[1] Liu Zhaoxiao

机构地区：[1]长江水资源保护科学研究所,武汉430051

出　　处：《中国水利》2024年第21期37-42,共6页China Water Resources

摘　　要：河湖生态流量保障是维持河湖生命、复苏河湖生态环境的重要举措,是贯彻落实习近平生态文明思想的重要内容。水利水电工程在水资源调配、保障河湖生态流量、复苏河湖生态环境方面具有重要作用。在分析长江流域重点河湖生态流量保障与管理工作成效的基础上,总结归纳已建水利水电工程生态流量保障与管理存在目标核定难度大、生态流量认识不统一、监控能力不足等主要问题。以问题为导向,以保障河湖生态流量为目标,以强化水利水电工程调度保障为手段,坚持流域统筹、系统推进,因地制宜、分区分类,问题导向、健全措施,部门协同、形成合力,提出推进已建水利水电工程生态流量保障与管理的总体思路。围绕生态流量目标核定、监测预警、泄放设施完善、统一调度、部门协调、经费保障,提出深入推进已建水利水电工程生态流量保障与管理的对策建议,为维护流域河湖生态系统健康及推动长江经济带水利高质量发展提供支撑。Ensuring ecological flow for rivers and lakes is important for maintaining the ecosystem vitality and restoring the ecological environments of rivers and lakes,and it is an important content to implementing the Xi Jinping thought on eco-civilization.Water conservancy and hydropower projects play an important role in water resource allocation,ensuring ecological flows,and restoring the ecological environment of rivers and lakes.Based on the analysis of the achievements and challenges in ecological flow management for key rivers and lakes within the Yangtze River basin,this paper identifies major issues in ecological flow assurance and management of constructed water conservancy and hydropower projects,such as difficulties in defining targets,inconsistent understanding of ecological flows,and insufficient monitoring capabilities.Taking a problem-oriented approach,with the goal of ensuring ecological flow,and by means of strengthening the dispatching of water conservancy and hydropower projects,a general ideato further promote the ecological flow guarantee and management of constructed water conservancy and hydropower projects is put forward:basinwide coordination,systematic advancement,localized measures,zoning and classification,problem-oriented improvements,and departmental collaboration to create synergy.Focusing on aspects such as ecological flow target verification,monitoring and early warning,discharge facility improvement,unified dispatching,interdepartmental coordination,and funding assurance,countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to further enhance ecological flow assurance and management for constructed projects,aiming to support the health of river and lake ecosystems in the basin and to promote high-quality water conservancy development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.

关 键 词：长江流域 水利水电工程 生态流量 监测 泄放 保障 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源] X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学]