西北内陆河流域水资源韧性配置与生态复苏的思考及建议  

Reflections and recommendations on allocation of water resources resilience and ecological recovery of the Northwest Inland River basin in China

作　　者：董增川[1] 张济韬[1] 郑子沁 王道立 Dong Zengchuan;Zhang Jitao;Zheng Ziqin;Wang Daoli

机构地区：[1]河海大学,南京210098

出　　处：《中国水利》2024年第21期43-48,共6页China Water Resources

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划“长江黄河等重点流域水资源与水环境综合治理”重点专项“西北内陆河下游及尾闾湖泊生态水量与调度保障关键技术”项目(2023YFC3206800)。

摘　　要：西北内陆河流域水资源极度短缺,长期的过度开发与不均衡利用,导致水资源供需矛盾突出、生态系统退化、经济社会发展受阻。围绕西北内陆河流域重要战略地位和河湖复苏实践现状,分析了西北内陆河流域高质量发展面临的水资源问题与挑战。研究提出了遵循“四水四定”和“以水定绿”原则,识别经济社会与生态环境用水特性与弹性空间,科学确定用水优先级和调控策略,构建水资源韧性配置模式,实现经济社会发展和河湖生态复苏的统一;基于上中下游空间关联,量化生态服务供需关系,优化人工绿洲和天然绿洲规模,确定适宜的生态格局,实现生态水量优化配置与高效利用;建立“天空地水工”全要素监测体系,构筑水资源管理数字孪生平台,发展水利新质生产力,增强内陆河流域水资源系统的适应性和应对外部压力的能力。The Northwest Inland River basin in China faces severe water scarcity,where prolonged overexploitation and imbalanced usage have intensified water supply-demand conflicts,degraded ecosystems,and hindered economic and social development.Focusing on the strategic importance of this region and the current practices of river and lake recovery,this study analyzes the pressing water resource issues and challenges affecting high-quality development in the Northwest Inland River basin.It proposes adherence to the principles of“defining city,land,population,and production by water”and“defining ecological pattern by water”to identify the characteristics and flexibility of water use across socio-economic and ecological sectors.By scientifically establishing water-use priorities and regulatory strategies,a resilient water allocation model can be created to balance socio-economic growth with ecological recovery.Considering the spatial interconnections between upstream,midstream,and downstream areas,this study quantifies the supply-demand relationship of ecological services,optimizes the scale of artificial and natural oases,and defines suitable ecological configurations to enable optimal and efficient use of ecological water resources.The study further recommends establishing an“space-sky-ground-water-engine”integrated monitoring system and developing a digital twin platform for water resource management,aiming to develop new quality productive forces in water conservancy and enhance resilience and adaptability to external pressures of the Northwest Inland River basin.

关 键 词：西北内陆河 水资源韧性配置 四水四定 以水定绿 河湖复苏 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源] X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]