人工辅助接种对白菜尾菜裹包青贮发酵饲料品质的影响  

Influence of Artificially Assisted Inoculation on Wrapped Silage Feed Quality of Chinese Cabbage Waste

作　　者：叶晨光 贠建民[1] 郭伟红 王彪 徐斯雅 屈玉玲 张紊玮[1] YE Chenguang;YUN Jianmin;GUO Weihong;WANG Biao;XU Siya;QU Yuling;ZHANG Wenwei(College of Food Science and Engineering,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学食品科学与工程学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《核农学报》2025年第1期119-127,共9页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：甘肃省科技重大专项(21ZD4NA016)。

摘　　要：为探究人工辅助接种对尾菜青贮发酵品质的影响,本研究以兰州高原夏季蔬菜初加工废白菜为试验材料,以自然发酵为对照(CK组),探究人工辅助接种植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)(Lp组)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)(Bs组)及其组合接种(Lp+Bs组)对30 d青贮发酵过程中样品的感官品质、营养成分、发酵特性和优势菌数的影响。结果表明,同一青贮天数下,接种菌剂各组发酵饲料的感官品质均优于CK组;各组pH值随发酵时间的延长呈下降趋势(Lp+Bs青贮30 d较15 d的pH值略有上升除外);青贮30 d时接种组的乳酸和乙酸含量均较CK组升高,丙酸和丁酸含量均显著低于CK组,氨态氮/总氮含量低于CK组;各组干物质含量均随青贮天数的延长而下降,粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量随青贮天数的延长而上升,青贮至30 d时,Lp组和Lp+Bs组粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量显著高于CK组和Bs组。同一青贮天数下,各组间中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量无显著差异;接种组的乳酸菌数量均高于CK组,而霉菌和酵母菌数量低于CK组。根据隶属函数法综合评价,各组综合价值表现为Lp组>Lp+Bs组>Bs组>CK组。综上所述,接种L.plantarum、B.subtilis以及二菌组合可改善尾菜裹包青贮发酵饲料的品质,其中单独接种L.plantarum效果最好。本研究可为人工辅助接种裹包尾菜青贮发酵技术的产业化应用提供参考。To explore the impact of artificial assisted inoculation on the fermentation quality of waste vegetable silage,the waste of Chinese cabbage from the initial processing of summer vegetables in Lanzhou Plateau was used as test materials.The natural fermentation was used as the control group(CK group),the effects of artificial assisted inoculation with Lactobacillus plantarum(Lp group),Bacillus subtilis(Bs group)and Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus subtilis combinations(Lp+Bs group)on the sensory quality,nutrient composition,fermentation characteristics and the counts of dominant microorganisms of silage feed during 30 d fermentation were studied.The results showed that under the same number of silage days,the sensory quality of fermented feed in all groups of inoculants was better than that of CK group.The pH of each group showed a decreasing trend with fermentation time(except for a slight increase in pH at 30 d compared to 15 d for Lp+Bs silage).Lactic and acetic acid contents were higher in the inoculated group than in the CK group at 30 d of silage,both propionic acid and butyric acid contents were significantly lower than that of CK group,ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen content lower than CK group.The dry matter content of all groups decreased with the extension of silage days.The crude protein and crude fat contents of all groups increased with the extension of days to silage,and both indexes in Lp and Lp+Bs groups were significantly higher than those of CK and Bs groups at 30 d of silage.When the number of days of silage was the same,there was no significant difference in the content of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber among the groups.The counts of lactic acid bacteria were higher in all groups inoculated with the bacterial agent than in the CK group,however,the counts of molds and yeasts were lower than those in the CK group.According to the comprehensive evaluation of the affiliation function method,the comprehensive value of each group was sorted as:Lp>Lp+Bs>Bs>CK.In summary,inoculati

关 键 词：白菜尾菜 裹包青贮 植物乳杆菌 枯草芽孢杆菌 发酵品质 

分 类 号：S816.6[农业科学—饲料科学]