论合同法的功能  

The Function of Contract Law

作　　者：王利明[1,2] Wang Liming

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学民商事法律科学研究中心 [2]中国人民大学法学院

出　　处：《地方立法研究》2024年第6期72-93,共22页Local Legislation Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“我国民法典实施中的重大疑难问题研究”(23&ZD152)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：合同法的功能是指合同法在社会经济生活中所发挥的作用。合同法首要功能是维护允诺。合同法贯彻“合同严守”原则,承认允诺具有法律效力,维护允诺的交换,并通过违约救济保障允诺法律效力的实现。合同法必须保障交易安全,保护当事人之间的信赖关系和合理预期,这具体体现在合同的订立、合同的效力、合同的履行等方面。合同法作为市场经济的基本法,其将鼓励交易作为重要目标,具体表现为促成合同的成立、限制合同无效的事由、确立尽量做有效解释的合同解释规则、限制合同的解除等内容。合同法是防范未来风险、合理分配风险、避免风险的法,也是维护交易公正的法。它不仅可以有效地指导当事人正确缔约,而且有利于维护合同的公正。The function of contract law refers to the role played by contract law in social and economic life.The first function of contract law is to safeguard the promise.Contract law should implement the principle of“strict adherence to the contract”,recognizing the legal effects of promise,maintaining the exchange of promises,and through remedies for the breach of contract,ensuring the realization of the legal effect of the promise.Contract law must ensure the security of transactions to protect the relationship of trust and reasonable expectations between the parties,which is embodied in the conclusion,the effectiveness,and the performance of the contract and other aspects.Contract law,as the basic law of market economy,should encourage the transaction as an important goal to facilitate the establishment of the contract,limit causes leading to invalid contract,establish rules that strive for effective interpretation of the contract.limit the contract cancellation,and so on.Contract law is the law of prevention of future risks,rational allocation of risks,and avoidance of risks.Contract law is also the law to maintain the fairness of the transaction.It can not only effectively guide the parties to the correct contracting,but also conducive to the maintenance of contract justice.

关 键 词：合同法 维护允诺 保护信赖 鼓励交易 分配风险 实现公正 

分 类 号：D923.6[政治法律—民商法学]