造礁石珊瑚群体遗传学研究进展  

A review on the population genetics of scleractinian corals

作　　者：黄雯 冯逸 李明 武茜[1,2] 罗燕秋 陈胤民 王丽荣 余克服[1,2,4] HUANG Wen;FENG Yi;LI Ming;WU Qian;LUO Yanqiu;CHEN Yinmin;WANG Lirong;YU Kefu(Coral Reef Research Center of China,School of Marine Science,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Marine Environmental Engineering Center,South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510301,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou),Guangzhou 511458,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学海洋学院,珊瑚礁研究中心,广西南宁530004 [2]广西南海珊瑚礁研究重点实验室,广西大学,广西南宁530004 [3]中国科学院南海海洋研究所海洋环境工程中心,广东广州510301 [4]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州),广东广州511458

出　　处：《热带海洋学报》2024年第6期13-26,共14页Journal of Tropical Oceanography

基　　金：广西自然科学基金(2023GXNSFAA026510);国家自然科学基金(42090041、41866006、42030502)。

摘　　要：受到气候变暖和人类活动的影响,全球不少珊瑚礁正面临着急剧退化的风险,开展珊瑚礁保护与修复的工作已成为当务之急。进行造礁石珊瑚群体遗传学的研究对于深入理解珊瑚物种的遗传结构、遗传多样性和连通性具有重要意义,同时可以揭示珊瑚应对环境压力时的适应性潜力和恢复能力,从而为保护和管理珊瑚礁提供科学指导。本文综述了近年来在全球典型海域开展的珊瑚群体遗传学研究的现状与进展,并针对可能影响珊瑚群体遗传结构的因素进行了讨论。总体而言,目前造礁石珊瑚群体遗传学的研究多集中在澳大利亚大堡礁、加勒比海等区域,微卫星标记仍是当前使用最为广泛的DNA分子标记。繁殖方式、距离隔离、环境隔离以及人类活动等是影响珊瑚群体遗传多样性水平和遗传结构的重要因素。基于国内外研究进展,本文最后对目前我国南海造礁石珊瑚群体遗传学研究中存在的问题和发展趋势进行了分析和展望,以期为我国珊瑚礁保护与修复工作提供参考。With the rapid degradation of coral reefs due to global warming and anthropogenic impacts,implementing the measures of conservation and restoration for coral reefs are extremely urgent.The genetic diversity and connectivity of coral populations can reflect their adaptive potential and resilience when responding to environmental stresses,and is a key scientific basis for the restoration and management of coral reef ecosystem.This review aims to identify studies on the population genetics of scleractinian corals in typical marine areas,and discusses the factors that may affect the genetic structure of corals.In general,most of studies are concentrated in regions such as the Great Barrier Reef and the Caribbean.Microsatellite markers still remain the most widely used molecular markers.Breeding mode,isolation-by-distance,isolation-by-environment and human activities are significant factors affecting the genetic structure and genetic diversity of corals.Finally,this review analyzes the current problems and development trends of the population genetics of scleractinian corals in the South China Sea,with expectation to providing reference for the protection and restoration of coral reefs in China.

关 键 词：造礁石珊瑚 分子标记 遗传多样性 遗传结构 影响因素 

分 类 号：Q953[生物学—动物学]