院前急救护士替代性创伤现状及其影响因素研究  

Current status and influencing factors of vicarious traumatization in pre-hospital emergency nurses

作　　者：杨名 陈偶英[1] 杨红秀[3] 黎芳[3] 孙珞滢 周启兵[2] 阳四元[4] 张茜 田馨怡[6] 谭婷 YANG Ming;CHEN Ouying;YANG Hongxiu;LI Fang;SUN Luoying;ZHOU Qibing;YANG Siyuan;ZHANG Qian;TIAN Xinyi;TAN Ting(School of Nursing,Hu'nan University of Chinese Medicine,Changsha 410036,China;Department of Emergency,the Second People's Hospital of Hu'nan Province,Hu'nan Brain Hospital,Changsha 410021,China;Nursing Department,the Second People's Hospital of Hu'nan Province,Hu'nan Brain Hospital,Changsha 410021,China;Department of Anesthesia and Surgery,the Second People's Hospital of Hu'nan Province,Hu'nan Brain Hospital,Changsha 410021,China;Department of Neurosurgery,the First Affiliated Hospital of Hu'nan University of Chinese Medicine,Changsha 410007,China;Department of Emergency,Hu'nan Provincial People's Hospital,Changsha 410005,China;Department of Anesthesiology,the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University,Changsha 410008,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南中医药大学护理学院,长沙市410036 [2]湖南省第二人民医院(湖南省脑科医院)急诊医学科,长沙市410021 [3]湖南省第二人民医院(湖南省脑科医院)护理部,长沙市410021 [4]湖南省第二人民医院(湖南省脑科医院)麻醉手术科,长沙市410021 [5]湖南中医药大学第一附属医院神经外科,长沙市410007 [6]湖南省人民医院急诊科,长沙市410005 [7]中南大学湘雅二医院麻醉科,长沙市410008

出　　处：《护理管理杂志》2024年第10期849-854,共6页Journal of Nursing Administration

基　　金：教育部第二批急救试点学校开放基金(202002196008)。

摘　　要：目的了解院前急救护士替代性创伤现状,并分析其影响因素,为制订院前急救护士替代性创伤恢复方案提供参考。方法采用一般资料问卷、灾难救助者替代性创伤问卷、中文版Jefferson同理心量表、中文版护士道德困境量表、中国大五人格调查问卷简版及中文版医院磁性要素量表对长沙市197名院前急救护士进行调查。结果院前急救护士灾难救助者替代性创伤问卷总分为(89.79±22.06)分。多元线性回归分析结果显示,是否经历过患者死亡、工作时长、是否接受过创伤相关培训及同理心、道德困境、人格特征、工作环境是影响院前急救护士替代性创伤发生的因素(P<0.05)。结论院前急救护士替代性创伤发生率较高,患者死亡经历、工作时长、创伤相关培训及同理心、道德困境、人格特征、工作环境是影响院前急救护士替代性创伤发生的因素,管理者需针对其影响因素制订干预措施。Objective To investigate the current status of vicarious traumatization in pre-hospital emergency nurses,and analyze the influencing factors to provide reference for the formulation of vicarious traumatization recovery program for pre-hospital emergency nurses.Methods A total of 197 pre-hospital emergency nurses in Changsha Province were investigated by the General information questionnaire,Disaster Rescuer's Vicarious Trauma Questionnaire,Jefferson Scale of Empathy,Chinese version of Nurses'Moral Distress Scale,Chinese Big Five Personality Inventory Brief Version and Chinese version of Hospital Magnetic Elements Scale.Results The total score of disaster rescuer's vicarious traumatization was(89.79±22.06).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that whether they had experienced patient death,working hours,had received trauma-related training,empathy,moral dilemma,personality characteristics and working environment were the factors affecting the occurrence of alternative traumatization in pre-hospital emergency nurses(P<0.05).Conclusion Pre-hospital emergency nurses have a high incidence of vicarious traumatization.Managers should formulate intervention measures according to the influencing factors,such as whether they have experienced patient death,working hours,received traumatization-related training,empathy,moral dilemma,personality characteristics and working environment,which affected the occurrence of alternative traumatization.

关 键 词：院前急救 护士 替代性创伤 同理心 道德困境 人格特征 工作环境 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学] R192.6[医药卫生—临床医学]