北部湾叶绿素a浓度时空变化及影响因素  

Analysis of Spatiotemporal Variation in the Chlorophyll-a Concentration in Beibu Gulf

作　　者：刘思萌 李君益 叶小敏[3] 谢玲玲[1] 曾飞鸿 LIU Simeng;LI Junyi;YE Xiaomin;XIE Lingling;ZENG Feihong(Laboratory of Coastal Ocean Variation and Disaster Prediction,College of Ocean and Meteorology,Guangdong Ocean University,Resources and Environments in Continent Shelf Sea and Deep Ocean(LCRE),Zhanjiang 524088,China;Key Laboratory of Climate,Resources and Environments in Continent Shelf Sea and Deep Ocean(LCRE),Zhanjiang 524088,China;Key Laboratory of Space Ocean Remote Sensing and Application,National Satellite Ocean Application Service,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学近海海洋变化与灾害预警实验室,广东湛江524088 [2]广东海洋大学陆架及深远海气候资源与环境广东省高校重点实验室,广东湛江524088 [3]国家卫星海洋应用中心空间海洋遥感与应用重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《广东海洋大学学报》2024年第5期31-39,共9页Journal of Guangdong Ocean University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42276019);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2024A1515012572);广东普通高校创新团队项目(2023KCXTD015);广东省粤西热带海洋生态环境野外科学观测研究站项目(2024B1212040008)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究北部湾表层叶绿素a质量浓度的时空分布及其影响因子,为北部湾初级生产力评估及深远海养殖提供依据。【方法】基于2003-2020年逐月卫星遥感叶绿素a质量浓度、海表面温度(SST)、降雨数据以及再分析风场数据,利用经验正交分解(EOF)、小波相干等方法分析SST、降雨、风等环境因子对北部湾叶绿素a质量浓度的影响。【结果与结论】北部湾叶绿素a质量浓度呈近岸高、中央低的空间分布规律。年际变化特征明显,2016年为浓度峰值年,平均质量浓度为1.6 mg·m^(-3),2010年质量浓度最低,仅为1.1 mg·m^(-3)。在季节变化方面,北部湾区域平均叶绿素a质量浓度冬季最高,春季浓度最低,涠洲岛南侧海域平均叶绿素a质量浓度冬季最高,夏季节最低。红河河口区域夏、秋叶绿素a质量浓度高于春、冬叶绿素a质量浓度。长山山脉东侧区域平均叶绿素a质量浓度在秋季最高,在春季最低。月变化方面,北部湾叶绿素a质量浓度在5月最低,12月最高。海表面温度、降雨和风是影响北部湾叶绿素a质量浓度时空分布的主要因素。在北部湾的中、东海域,海表面温度与叶绿素a质量浓度显著负相关(P <0.05,r <-0.8)。降雨的影响主要集中在湾西部,降雨增加的径流量提供更多营养物质,使红河河口区域夏、秋季叶绿素a质量浓度较高,长山山脉东岸区域叶绿素a质量浓度在秋季达到峰值。风速与北部湾叶绿素a质量浓度显著正相关(P <0.01,r=0.4)。【Objective】This study,investigating the spatiotemporal distribution of surface chlorophyll-a concentration in Beibu Gulf and its influencing factors,aims toprovide scientific evidence for assessing primary productivity and supporting deep-sea aquaculture practices in Beibu Gulf.【Method】Based on monthly satellite remote sensing data of chlorophyll-a concentration,sea surface temperature(SST),rainfall,and reanalysis wind field data from 2003 to 2020,this study employed methods such as empirical orthogonal function(EOF)analysis and wavelet coherence to examine the influence of environmental factors,including SST,rainfall,and wind,on chlorophyll-a concentration in Beibu Gulf.【Result and Conclusion】High levels of chlorophyll-a were predominantly observed near the coastal regions of Beibu Gulf,with lower concentrations in the central offshore areas.The chlorophyll-a concentration in Beibu Gulf exhibited prominent characteristics of interannual variation and reaching its highest level in 2016 with an average concentration of 1.6 mg·m^(-3),and its lowest level in 2010,with a concentration of 1.1 mg·m^(-3).The average chlorophyll-a concentration in Beibu Gulf was highest in winter and lowest in spring.In the southern sea area of Weizhou Island,the average chlorophyll-a concentration was highest in winter and lowest in summer.In the Red River estuary region,the chlorophyll-a concentration was higher in summer and autumn than in spring and winter.On the east side of the Annamese Cordillera,the average chlorophyll-a concentration was highest in autumn and lowest in spring.The chlorophyll-a concentration in Beibu Gulf was lowest in May and highest in December.Sea surface temperature,rainfall,and sea surface wind were the primary factors influencing the spatial and temporal distribution of chlorophyll-a concentration in Beibu Gulf.In the central and eastern regions of Beibu Gulf,there existed a significant negative correlation between sea surface temperature and chlorophyll-a concentration(P<0.05,r<-0.8).In the w

关 键 词：北部湾 叶绿素a质量浓度 经验正交分解分析 降雨 

分 类 号：P731[天文地球—海洋科学]