饲料中添加白术提取物对低盐养殖凡纳滨对虾生长、肠道抗氧化及抗炎的影响  

Effects of Dietary Extract of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz on Growth,Intestinal Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Abilities of Litopenaeus vannamei Cultured at Low Salinity

作　　者：陈希平 王亚楠 杨嘉惠 刘梦飞 张佳程 邓红进 田继业 谭北平 迟淑艳 CHEN Xiping;WANG Ya’nan;YANG Jiahui;LIU Mengfei;ZHANG Jiacheng;DENG Hongjin;TIAN Jiye;TAN Beiping;CHI Shuyan(Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed,College of Fisheries,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China;Liaoning Agricultural Vocational and Technical College,Yingkou 115009,China;Baoding Jizhong Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院水产动物营养与饲料实验室,广东湛江524088 [2]辽宁农业职业技术学院,辽宁营口115009 [3]保定冀中药业有限公司,河北保定071000

出　　处：《广东海洋大学学报》2024年第5期153-162,共10页Journal of Guangdong Ocean University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFD2402000)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究饲料中添加白术(Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz)提取物(EA)对低盐度(盐度0.6)养殖凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)生长性能,肠道抗氧化、抗炎及抗细胞凋亡的影响。【方法】在基础饲料中分别加入白术提取物,其添加量分别为0、100、300、500、700、1500及3000 mg/kg,制备7种等氮等脂饲料。这些饲料配方分别被标记为EA0、EA100、EA300、EA500、EA700、EA1500、EA3000组。分别投喂初始体质量(0.23±0.00)g的幼虾56 d,分析对虾生长性能,肠道抗氧化能力,肠道炎症因子及围食膜因子基因的表达量,以及肠道细胞凋亡指数。【结果】1)EA700组、EA1500组和EA3000组对虾的终末体质量、增重率和特定生长率显著高于EA0组(P<0.05);EA700组的蛋白质沉积率显著高于EA0组和EA100组(P<0.05);EA700组对虾的肥满度和肠体比均显著高于EA0组(P<0.05);2)EA700组对虾的对虾肠道超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶活性以及总抗氧化能力显著高于EA0组(P<0.05),丙二醛含量显著低于其余组(P<0.05);3)EA700组对虾肠道il-1β、il-16、tnf-α和nfil-3表达量显著低于EA0组(P<0.05);4)EA700组和EA1500组的对虾肠道细胞凋亡指数显著低其余组(P<0.05)。在本实验条件下,以增重率为评价指标,折线模型拟合分析显示,凡纳滨对虾饲料中白术提取物的最适添加量为699.13 mg/kg。【结论】饲料中添加适宜水平的白术提取物可促进低盐度养殖凡纳滨对虾的生长,提高其肠道抗氧化、抗炎及抗细胞凋亡能力。【Objective】To investigate the effects of dietary extract of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz(EA)on growth,intestinal antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and anti-apoptotic abilities of Litopenaeus vannamei at low salinity(salinity 0.6).【Method】Seven iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipid experimental diets were prepared by adding 0,100,300,500,700,1500 and 3000 mg/kg of EA to the basal diet(named group EA0,EA100,EA300,EA500,EA700,EA1500 and EA3000 respectively).The experimental shrimps with initial body mass(0.23±0.00)g were fed with these diets for 56 d respectively,and the growth performance,intestinal antioxidant capacity,expression levels of genes encoding intestinal inflammatory factors and peritrophin,and intestinal cell apoptosis index were analyzed.【Results】1)The final body weight,weight gain rate(WGR)and specific growth rate of groups EA700,EA1500 and EA3000 were significantly higher than that of shrimp in group EA0(P<0.05);the protein retention rate of shrimp in EA700 group were significantly higher than that of groups EA0 and EA100(P<0.05);the condition factor and intestinal index of the EA0 group were significantly lower than those of other groups,and those of the EA700 group was the highest(P<0.05);2)the activities of SOD,CAT and T-AOC in the shrimp intestinal in group EA700 were significantly higher than those of group EA0(P<0.05),and the MDA content was significantly lower than the other groups(P<0.05);3)the expression of il-1β,il-16,tnf-αand nfil-in the shrimp intestinal in group EA700 was significantly lower than that in group EA0(P<0.05);4)the apoptosis index of shrimp intestinal in groups EA700 and EA1500 was the lowest,and was significantly lower than that the other groups(P<0.05).WGR as an evaluation index,the optimal level of EA in the feed of L.vannamei was 699.13 mg/kg.【Conclusion】Feed supplementation with appropriate levels of EA can promote the growth of low salinity farmed L.vannamei,enhance its intestinal antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and anti-apoptotic abilities.

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 低盐度 白术提取物 生长性能 抗氧化能力 细胞凋亡 

分 类 号：S963.73[农业科学—水产养殖]