基于矿源视角下浙江安吉龙山越国107号墓(八亩墩大墓)绿松石组饰研究  

A Study on the Turquoise Burial Ornaments of D107(Bamudun Tomb)from Longshan Yue State,Anji,Zhejiang Province,Based on the Geographic Origin Tracing

作　　者：姜炎 杨明星[1,2] 田正标 游晓蕾[3] 刘玲 顿瑾涵[1] JIANG Yan;YANG Mingxing;TIAN Zhengbiao;YOU Xiaolei;LIU Ling;DUN Jinhan(Gemmological Institute,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China;Hubei Gems and Jewelry Engineering Technology Research Center,Wuhan 430074,China;Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology,Hangzhou 310012,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)珠宝学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]湖北省珠宝工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉430074 [3]浙江省文物考古研究所,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《宝石和宝石学杂志（中英文）》2024年第5期76-90,共15页Journal of Gems & Gemmology

基　　金：国家社科基金“产源视角下浙江安吉龙山107号墓(八亩墩)出土绿松石研究”(项目编号20BKG030)。

摘　　要：浙江安吉龙山越国D107(八亩墩大墓)是龙山越国贵族墓群中规模最大、等级最高的一座重要墓葬,它的发现为研究春秋时期古越文明提供了直接的考古学证据。利用超景深显微镜、拉曼光谱、激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)等测试方法,对48件八亩墩大墓出土绿松石制品进行了宝石学特征和谱学特征研究。红外光谱与拉曼光谱测试显示,八亩墩大墓出土绿松石与标准绿松石谱学特征一致,可见较为丰富的杂质矿物,主要有石墨、针铁矿、赤铁矿、云母、石英、金红石、磷铝石和银星石。利用国标《绿松石分级》(GB/T 36169-2018)的参数指标对八亩墩绿松石制品进行分级,发现其颜色、质地一致性高,符合优质绿松石标准。与现代绿松石产地进行产源对比分析发现,八亩墩大墓中绿松石均来自鄂豫陕矿区,且并非单一矿源,北矿带(陕西洛南一带)和南矿带(湖北十堰一带)是浙江安吉龙山地区八亩墩大墓绿松石矿料的主要来源地。结合同时期吴越地区绿松石制品出土情况讨论八亩墩大墓绿松石制品组合关系,发现吴越地区绿松石组饰使用方式具有强烈地域特色,展现了区域性文明的特殊性。D107(the Bamudun tomb)in Longshan,Anji,Zhejiang Province,which belonged to the Yue State,is an important tomb with the largest size and highest social class among the tomb groups of the Yue State nobles in Longshan.Its discovery provides direct archaeological evidence for the study of the ancient Yue civilization during the Spring and Autumn Period.The gemmological features and spectral characteristics of 48 pieces of turquoise artifacts excavated from Bamudun were studied using super depth-of-field microscope,Raman spectroscopy,laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(LA-ICP-MS),and other testing methods.The infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy tests showed that the turquoise excavated from Bamudun is consistent with the spectral characteristics of standard turquoise and is rich in impurity minerals including graphite,goethite,hematite,muscovite,quartz,rutile,variscite,and wavellite.When using the parameter indicators of the Chinese national standard Turquoise Grading(GB/T 36169-2018)to grade the turquoise beads from Bamudun,we found that the colour and texture were consistent and in line with the standard of high-quality turquoise.By comparison and analysis with contemporary turquoise origins,it was found that the turquoise from Bamudun site is from the mining areas of Hubei,Henan,and Shaanxi and is not from a single source.The north mining belt(Luonan area,Shaanxi Province)and the south mining belt(Shiyan area,Hubei Province)are the main sources of turquoise in the Bamudun site.When discussing the relationship between turquoise burial ornaments of Bamudun site and those unearthed in the Wu-Yue region and other areas during the same period,it is found that the turquoise burial ornaments in the Wu-Yue region are used in a manner with strong regional characteristics,demonstrating the particularity of regional civilization.

关 键 词：安吉龙山越墓 八亩墩大墓 吴越地区 绿松石 矿源 

分 类 号：TS93[轻工技术与工程]