钢轨连接不良处钢轨波磨的演化机制和参数化研究  

Study on Evolution Mechanism and Parameterization of Rail Corrugation at Poor Rail Connection

作　　者：崔晓璐 李想 吕东 李靖晨 杨红娟 漆伟 CUI Xiaolu;LI Xiang;LV Dong;LI Jingchen;YANG Hongjuan;QI Wei(School of Mechanotronics and Vehicle Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;Chongqing Rail Transit(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 401120,China;Faculty of Mechatronics,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu Sichuan 610000,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学机电与车辆工程学院,重庆400074 [2]重庆轨道交通(集团)有限公司,重庆401120 [3]成都理工大学机电学院,四川成都610000

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2024年第11期19-26,共8页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52275176);重庆市基础研究与前沿探索项目(CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX1542);四川省自然科学基金项目(2022NSFSC0450)。

摘　　要：地铁线路的钢轨连接不良主要包括钢轨焊接不良和轨缝不良,现场调研发现在钢轨连接不良处通常伴有钢轨波磨,对列车的运行造成潜在危害。为揭示钢轨焊接和轨缝不良处钢轨波磨的演化机制,结合现场调研构建钢轨连接不良处轮轨系统的有限元模型,基于摩擦耦合振动理论,分别采用复特征值分析和瞬时动态分析探究钢轨焊接和轨缝不良处轮轨系统的摩擦耦合振动特性,并探究焊缝波深、波长及轨缝间隙变化对钢轨波磨的影响规律。研究结果表明:列车通过钢轨连接不良处时会加剧轮轨系统的摩擦耦合振动,从而诱导钢轨波磨;钢轨焊接和轨缝不良处轮轨系统的摩擦耦合振动频率分别为472、464 Hz,轮轨系统动态响应产生的摩擦耦合振动主频在455~495 Hz之间,与现场调研钢轨波磨的频率一致;随着焊缝波深、轨缝间隙的增加以及焊缝波长的减小,轮轨系统的摩擦耦合振动特性也随之增大,更容易在钢轨焊接和轨缝不良处产生钢轨波磨。The poor rail connection of metro line mainly includes the poor rail weld and rail joint.Rail corrugations are usually found at poor rail connections by on-site research,which cause the potential hazard to train operation.In order to reveal the evolution mechanisms of rail corrugations at poor rail weld and rail joint,the finite element models of wheel-rail systems at poor rail connections were established based on on-site investigation.Based on the theory of friction coupling vibration,the friction coupling vibration characteristics of wheel-rail systems at poor rail weld and rail joint were explored by complex eigenvalue analysis and instantaneous dynamic analysis methods.The influence of changes in the weld depth,the weld wavelength,and rail joint gap on rail corrugation was investigated.The results indicate that,when the train crosses the poor rail connections,the friction coupling vibration of wheel-rail will be exacerbated,thus inducing rail corrugation.The friction coupling vibration frequencies of rail corrugation at the poor weld and rail joint are 472 Hz and 464 Hz respectively,and the main frequencies of the friction coupling vibration of wheel-rail system are between 455 Hz and 495 Hz,which are consistent with the corrugation frequencies of on-site investigation.With the increase of weld depth,the rail joint gap and the decrease of wavelength weld,the friction coupling vibration characteristics increase,and rail corrugations are more easily induced at the poor weld and rail joint.

关 键 词：钢轨波磨 钢轨焊缝 钢轨轨缝 摩擦耦合振动 复特征值分析 瞬时动态分析 

分 类 号：TH117.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论] U211[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]