人类价值一元化的应然性和可能性  

The Necessity and Possibility of the Unity of Human Values

作　　者：韩东屏[1] HAN Dongping(School of Philosophy,Huazhong University of Science and Technology)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学哲学学院

出　　处：《当代中国价值观研究》2024年第5期11-18,共8页Chinese Journal of Contemporary Values

基　　金：2020年国家社科基金后期资助项目“文化工具论”(20FZXB035);教育部人文社会科学一般项目“人类增强技术的伦理问题与治理研究”(20YJAZH076);江汉大学人文社科预支持项目“新兴科技的伦理治理问题研究”(2023YYJ05)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：人类价值多元化尽管是长期存在的客观事实,却非不可改变的“必然”。人类应该实现价值一元化,也可以实现价值一元化。其应然性在于,价值的多元化难免使人类内部出现对立、冲突、分裂,而价值的一元化能使人类具有统一的最终发展目的并实现快速发展。其可能性在于,人类的价值多元化现象是由对终极价值即至善的不同主张所致,通过反省人类既有的至善观可知,真正的至善需根据其必须具有的四个特点来寻求。于是,至善只能是人的全面发展,即人的各种需求被满足程度的不断提高。人的各种需求最终可归为四个层级,即在世需求、生活需求、交往需求和自我实现需求,对应这四种需求的价值对象分别是康寿、富裕、和谐和自由。因此,人类共同的价值体系就应是一个金字塔式的三级结构。Although the diversification of human value is an objective fact that has existed for a long time,it is not an inevitable necessity that cannot be changed.Human beings should realize the unity of values,and they can also realize the unity of values.Its ought to be so because the diversification of values will inevitably lead to opposition,conflict and division among human beings,while the unity of values will not only avoid it,but also enable human beings to have a unified ultimate development goal and achieve rapid development.Its possibility lies in that the diversification of human values is caused by different claims on the ultimate value,that is,the ultimate good.By reflecting on the ten existing views on the ultimate good of human beings,it can be known that the true ultimate good must be sought based on the four characteristics it must have.Therefore,the ultimate good can only be the comprehensive development of human beings,that is,the continuous improvement of the satisfaction of man's various needs.Human needs can be classified into four levels,namely,the needs of life,the needs of life,the needs of communication and the needs of self-realization,and the value objects corresponding to these four needs are health,prosperity,harmony and freedom.Therefore,the common value system of mankind is a pyramidlike three-level structure.

关 键 词：价值一元化 终极价值 至善 幸福 价值体系 

分 类 号：B018[哲学宗教—哲学理论]