中国高技术产业全球价值链位置与竞争力分析  

An Analysis of the Global Value Chain Positionand Competitiveness of China’s High-Tech Industries

作　　者：倪红福 王晓星[3] NI Hongfu;WANG Xiaoxing(School of Applied Economics,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488,China;Institute of Economics,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100836,China;School of Economics,Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing 100070,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学应用经济学院,北京102488 [2]中国社会科学院经济研究所,北京100836 [3]首都经济贸易大学经济学院,北京100070

出　　处：《湖南大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第6期26-40,共15页Journal of Hunan University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目:新发展格局下构建开放型经济体系研究(22ZDA063)。

摘　　要：基于2023版OECD全球投入产出数据,构建了“上游度”“下游度”和“基于增加值出口的显性比较优势指数”,对1995~2020年间中国高技术产业全球价值链(GVC)位置及国际竞争力进行了测算和分析。结果表明:中国高技术产业的上下游度呈阶段性波动,2001年后深度融入全球分工,上下游度逐步增加,2008年金融危机和2016年后“慢全球化”阶段导致数值有所下降;投入需求大于产出供给,高技术产业GVC位置相对较低;中国大部分高技术产业的上下游度高于其他国家,复杂度较高;电子设备和电气设备制造业竞争力突出,医药制剂制造业竞争力较弱。Based on the 2023 version of OECD global input-output data,the indices such as“upstreamness,”“downstreamness,”and“revealed comparative advantage index based on value-added exports”were constructed to measure and analyze the position of China’s high-tech industries in global value chain(GVC)and their international competitiveness from 1995 to 2020.The results show that the upstreamness and downstreamness of China’s high-tech industries experienced cyclical fluctuations.After 2001,China became deeply integrated into global division of labor,with gradual increases in upstreamness and downstreamness.However,the 2008 financial crisis and the“slow globalization”phase after 2016 caused some decline in these values.Input demand exceeded output supply,resulting in a relatively low GVC position for high-tech industries.The upstreamness and downstreamness of most of the high-tech industries were higher than those of other countries,indicating higher complexity.The competitiveness of the electronic equipment and electrical equipment manufacturing industries stood out,while the competitiveness of the pharmaceutical preparation manufacturing industry remained weak.

关 键 词：全球价值链 上游度 下游度 显性比较优势 

分 类 号：F276.44[经济管理—企业管理]