未成年人犯罪档案封存制度的逻辑证成与优化路径  

Logical Justification and Optimization Path of Juvenile Crime File Sealing System

作　　者：王译 李嘉飞 Wang Yi;LI Jiafei(Faculty of Law,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan,Hunan 411105;Public Interest Litigation Procurator Theory Research Base,Xiangtan,Hunan 411105)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学法学学部,湖南湘潭411105 [2]湖南省人民检察院检察理论研究基地,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《档案与建设》2024年第11期38-45,共8页Archives & Construction

基　　金：湖南省社科基金青年项目“电子微腐败监察治理机制研究”(项目编号:23YBQ055);湖南省教育厅党的二十大精神研究专项“在法治轨道上全面建设社会主义现代化国家研究”(项目编号:23B1142)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：未成年人档案作为我国档案管理的特殊类型之一,在档案管理和使用上兼具保护性与有限性的特征。自《档案法实施条例》施行以来,未成年人犯罪档案在查询、使用和封存过程中亟待配套调整相关规则。从运行逻辑视角考量,未成年人犯罪档案封存制度的完善应遵循历史逻辑、现实逻辑和发展逻辑。为应对未成年犯罪人的再社会化现象,优化未成年人犯罪档案封存制度指向了未成年人刑事司法保护的制度体系。实践中未成年人犯罪档案封存制度存在档案封存管理主体泛化、档案封存实施标准僵化及档案查询程序失范的现实问题。未来立法须整合未成年人犯罪档案封存管理的主体范围,适度延展未成年人档案封存的实施标准,改良未成年人档案的查询规则。As one of the special types of archives management in China,juvenile archives have both protective and limited characteristics in archives management and use.Since the Implementation Regulations of Archives Law came into effect,it is urgent to adjust the relevant rules in the process of inquiry,use and seal of juvenile crime files.Considering from the perspective of operational logic,the perfection of the juvenile crime file sealing system should follow historical logic,realistic logic and development logic.To deal with the phenomenon of re-socialization of juvenile offenders,the optimization of juvenile crime file sealing system points to the system of juvenile criminal judicial protection.In practice,there are some practical problems in the system of juvenile crime file storage,such as the generalization of file storage management subject,the rigid implementation standard of file storage and the irregularity of file query procedure.In the future,legislation should integrate the main scope of the management of juvenile crime files,moderately extend the implementation standards of juvenile files,and improve the inquiry rules of juvenile files.

关 键 词：未成年人犯罪 刑事档案 封存 档案查询 合理使用 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学] G271.3[政治法律—法学]