海拔环境对甘蓝型油菜籽粒品质性状的影响  

Effect of Altitude Environment on Grain Quality Characters of Brassica napus L.

作　　者：赵彩霞[1] 王晋雄[1] ZHAO Caixia;WANG Jinxiong(Agriculture Institute,Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Lhasa 850032)

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区农牧科学院农业研究所,拉萨850032

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第32期23-29,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：中央引导地方项目-区域创新体系“高原油菜对低二氧化碳条件的适应及分子机制研究”(XZ202201YD0035C);西藏农牧科学院农业研究所统筹项目“甘蓝型油菜亲本资源农艺性状和品质性状的精准鉴定”(NYSTC202407)。

摘　　要：本文通过研究不同海拔环境下甘蓝型油菜籽粒品质性状变化规律,旨在为高海拔地区甘蓝型油菜引种及品质育种提供参考。以11个甘蓝型油菜品系为试材,在甘肃兰州、青海西宁和西藏拉萨试验点种植,比较分析3个海拔环境对油菜籽粒芥酸、硫苷、含油量、棕榈酸、C18脂肪酸的硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸品质的影响。结果表明,随海拔高度的增加,甘蓝型籽粒含油量呈增加趋势,品系间表现一致,变异系数为0.0822;芥酸含量均在高海拔拉萨种植后明显升高,硫苷含量在高海拔种植比低海拔种植均有不同程度的增加,其两者的变异系数较大,分别为0.3364、0.4920。相关性分析显示,芥酸含量、含油量与海拔呈极显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.865、0.750,硫苷与海拔呈显著相关性,相关系数为0.428。研究发现,高海拔有利于含油量、芥酸和硫苷的积累,纬度的升高有利于棕榈酸和硬脂酸的积累,温度的变化是多数品质含量变化的主要因素。This article studied the laws of the quality change of Brassica napus L.in different altitude environments,aiming to provide a reference for high altitude Brassica napus L.introduction and quality breeding.The effects of three altitudes on the quality of erucic acid,glucosinolate,oil content,palmitic acid,stearic acid,oleic acid,linoleic acid and linolenic acid of C18 fatty acids in rapeseed were compared and analyzed with 11 rapeseed lines.The results showed that the oil content of Brassica napus L.seed showed an increasing trend with the increase of altitude,and the performance among lines was consistent,with a coefficient of variation of 0.0822.Erucic acid content increased significantly after planting at high-altitude in Lhasa,and the content of glucosinolate increased to different degrees in high altitude planting than in low altitude planting.The coefficient of variation between the two was larger,which was 0.3364 and 0.4920,respectively.Correlation analysis showed that erucic acid content and oil content were significantly positively correlated with altitude,and the correlation coefficients were 0.865 and 0.750,respectively.Glucosinol was significantly correlated with altitude,and the correlation coefficient was 0.428.High altitude was conducive to the accumulation of oil content,erucic acid and glucosinolates.The elevation of latitude was conducive to the accumulation of palmic acid and stearic acid,and the change of temperature was the main factor of most quality content changes.

关 键 词：海拔 甘蓝型油菜 品质 含油量 芥酸 硫苷 高海拔地区 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]