云南石漠化区草地人工植草对植被及土壤恢复的影响  

Effects of Planting Various Forage Grass on Restoration of Vegetation and Soil Fertility in Rocky Desertification Area in Yunnan

作　　者：乔璐 王齐 段利武 张玉雯 QIAO Lu;WANG Qi;DUAN Liwu;ZHANG Yuwen(Yunnan Forestry Technological College,Kunming 650024)

机构地区：[1]云南林业职业技术学院,昆明650024

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第32期62-67,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：云南省教育厅科技创新团队(培育)项目;生态修复草种资源开发应用科技创新团队。

摘　　要：研究旨在应用不同人工植草模式对石漠化草地进行生态修复,筛选适宜石漠化草地生态功能恢复的植被模式。在砚山典型石漠化区域,采用黑麦草单播、鸭茅单播、非洲狗尾草单播、鸭茅与猪屎豆、非洲狗尾草和白三叶、非洲狗尾草和紫花苜蓿混播等6种人工植草模式,于3个不同程度的石漠化区域进行修复实验。结果表明:(1)修复后地上生物量、地下生物量、群落总盖度以及土壤有机质、全磷、有效磷、速效钾显著增加;(2)不同植草模式之间土壤含水量、水分利用效率、群落总盖度、地上生物量、地下生物量、地上地下生物量比等存在显著差异,土壤含水量、水分利用率、地上生物量、地上地下生物量比值均以黑麦草单播模式最高,群落总盖度以非洲狗尾草和紫花苜蓿混播模式最高,根系生物量以鸭茅与猪屎豆混播模式最高。研究表明,人工植草对于恢复目标地区植被和土壤养分有显著的积极作用,不同植草模式所起作用不同,但混播模式没有表现出特别的优势。Various forage planting patterns are introduced to attempt to rehabilitate rocky desertification grassland so that suitable vegetation patterns can be selected for ecosystem functioning restoration.Six different planting modes were conducted experimentally at the typical rocky desertification areas with three different levels of degradation in Yanshan County,southeast of Yunnan Province.The six modes were Lolium perenne monoculture,Festuca ovina monoculture,Setaria anceps monoculture,intercropping of Festuca ovina and Crotalaria pallida,intercropping of Setaria anceps and Trifolium repens,and intercropping of Setaria anceps and Medicago sativa.The results showed that(1)a variety of vegetation and soil traits increased significantly after rehabilitation,which included above-and under-ground biomass,gross cover,soil organic matter,total phosphorus,available phosphorus and available potassium.(2)There were significant differences among six modes in soil water content,water utilization efficiency,gross cover,above-ground biomass,under-ground biomass and the ratio of above-ground biomass to under-ground biomass.Lolium perenne monoculture had the highest soil water content,water utilization efficiency,above-ground biomass and the ratio of above-ground biomass to under-ground biomass,while intercropping of Setaria anceps and Medicago sativa and intercropping of Festuca ovina and Crotalaria pallida had got highest gross cover and under-ground biomass respectively.Planting forages had a remarkably positive effect on vegetation and soil restoration at target region.However,intercropping patterns had not explicit superiority over monoculture,and each pattern acted distinctively.

关 键 词：石漠化 人工植草 植被 土壤 生态恢复 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]