氮高效转化菌筛选及其堆肥应用  

Screening and Composting Application of Nitrogen-efficient Transformation Bacteria

作　　者：许馨月 代文龙 付海燕[1] 刘春光[1] 宋新宇 杨峰山[1] XU Xinyue;DAI Wenlong;FU Haiyan;LIU Chunguang;SONG Xinyu;YANG Fengshan(Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology,Ministry of Education&Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region&Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology,College of Heilongjiang Province&School of Life Sciences,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学,生命科学学院,农业微生物技术教育部工程研究中心,黑龙江省寒地生态修复与资源利用重点实验室,黑龙江省普通高校分子生物学重点实验室,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第32期99-106,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：黑龙江省“双一流”学科协同创新成果孵化项目“农业废弃物特种高效有机肥研制及配套大豆减障提升技术集成与示范”(LJGXCG2023-036);黑龙江省留学回国创业基金“农业有机废弃物微生物转化菌剂研发与应用”(黑人社函[2020]381号)。

摘　　要：旨在筛选氮高效转化菌株并验证其在鸡粪堆肥过程中的效果,为国内畜禽粪污资源化利用与发展提供菌种资源和理论支持。以采集自不同区域的鸡粪和土壤样品为试材,用平板涂布法分离纯化菌株,采用氨氮纳氏比色法和紫外分光光度法检测菌株氮转化能力,并制备微生物菌剂应用于堆肥反应。结果表明:从样品中分离筛选出1株氮高效转化菌,鉴定为布鲁氏杆菌(Brucella tritici NC14)。选择生物炭作为最佳载体制备微生物菌剂并进行堆肥应用。在鸡粪堆肥试验中,施用微生物菌剂能够有效抑制42.3%NH_(3)的释放,减少NH_(4)^(+)-N含量39.78%并增加NO_(3)^(-)-N含量52.3%。研究表明,菌株NC14具有氮高效转化能力且有良好的应用潜力。The aim of this study is to screen nitrogen efficient transformation strains and verify their effects in the process of chicken manure composting,and to provide strain resources and theoretical support for the utilization and development of livestock and poultry manure in China.In this experiment,chicken manure and soil samples collected from different areas were used as the test materials,and the strains were isolated and purified by spread plate method.The nitrogen transformation ability of the strain was detected by Nessler's reagent colorimetric method and ultraviolet spectrophotometry.Then the microbial agent was prepared and applied to composting reaction.The results showed that 1 nitrogen efficient transformation bacterium was isolated and identified as Brucella tritici NC14.Biochar was selected as the best carrier to prepare microbial agent and then applied to compost.In the experiment of chicken manure composting,the application of microbial agent can effectively inhibit the release of NH_(3)by 42.3%,reduce the content of NH_(4)^(+)-N by 39.78%and increase the content of NO_(3)^(-)-N by 52.3%.The results showed that strain NC14 had high nitrogen transformation ability and good application prospect.

关 键 词：氮转化 鸡粪堆肥 微生物菌剂 异养硝化 菌株筛选 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]