不同促芽剂对加工型马铃薯种薯发芽和产量的影响  

Effects of Sprouting Agents on Sprouting and Yield of Seed Tubers of Processing Potato Varieties

作　　者：杨轶 李勇 杨焕春 汪凤溶 杨冬 YANG Yi;LI Yong;YANG Huanchun;WANG Fengrong;YANG Dong(College of Agriculture,Anshun University,Anshun,Guizhou 561000,China)

机构地区：[1]安顺学院农学院,贵州安顺561000

出　　处：《中国马铃薯》2024年第3期219-225,共7页Chinese Potato Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32260527);贵州省普通高等学校青年科技人才成长项目(黔教合KY字[2019]146);安顺学院博士基金项目(ASXYBSJJ201901);贵州省高等学校大学生创新创业训练项目(202210667012)。

摘　　要：试验采用二因素随机设计,品种因素设置3类加工型品种‘麦肯1号’‘大西洋’‘青薯9号’,促芽剂因素设置赤霉素(50 mg/L)、6-苄基腺嘌呤(3 mg/L)、生长素(2 mg/L)、油菜素内酯(0.2 mg/L)、硫脲(2 g/L)和清水(对照)共6个处理,分别测定各促芽剂处理种薯的发芽时间、发芽数、芽长、芽粗和单株产量指标,研究不同促芽剂对加工型马铃薯种薯的发芽以及单株产量的影响。5种促芽剂均能使马铃薯种薯发芽期提前,其中赤霉素(50 mg/L)处理的马铃薯种薯发芽最快且发芽数最多,为1.76个/芽眼。赤霉素(50 mg/L)处理的马铃薯种薯芽长最长,为27.0 mm。6-苄基腺嘌呤(3 mg/L)和赤霉素(50 mg/L)处理的‘青薯9号’种薯芽最粗,生长素(2 mg/L)处理的‘麦肯1号’种薯芽最粗,硫脲(2 g/L)处理的‘大西洋’种薯芽最粗。生长素(2 mg/L)、赤霉素(50 mg/L)、油菜素内酯(0.2 mg/L)和6-苄基腺嘌呤(3 mg/L)处理的单株产量均显著高于对照。综上,采用赤霉素(50 mg/L)对加工型马铃薯种薯进行催芽,发芽最快,发芽数较多、芽较长、芽较粗壮,单株产量较好。Three processing potato varieties,'Innovator','Atlantic' and 'Qingshu 9',and five sprouting agents,gibberellin(50 mg/L),6-benzyladenine(3 mg/L),auxin(2 mg/L),brassinolide(0.2 mg/L) and thiourea(2 g/L),plus a control,water,were tested in a two factor completely randomized design for sprouting time,sprout number,sprout length,sprout diameter and yield per plant of seed tubers,in order to understand the effects of various sprouting agents on sprouting and yield of seed tubers of processing potato varieties.All the five sprouting agents tested advanced sprouting time,among which potato seed tubers treated with gibberellin(50 mg/L) sprouted the fastest and had the highest number of sprouts,at 1.76 per eye.The seed tubers treated with gibberellin(50 mg/L) had the longest sprout length,reaching 27.0 mm.The seed tubers of 'Qingshu 9' treated with 6-benzyladenine(3 mg/L) and gibberel in(50 mg/L)had the largest sprout diameter,while the seed tubers of 'Innovator' treated with auxin(2 mg/L) had the largest sprout diameter and the seed tubers of 'Atlantic' treated with thiourea(2 g/L) had the largest sprout diameter.The yield per plant of seed tubers treated with auxin(2 mg/L),gibberellin(50 mg/L),brassinolide(0.2 mg/L) and 6-benzyladenine(3 mg/L) was significantly higher than that of control.In conclusion,using gibberellin(50 mg/L) to promote sprouting of seed tubers of processing varieties could result in the fastest sprouting,with more sprouts,longer and stronger sprouts,and better yield per plant.

关 键 词：马铃薯 促芽剂 发芽时间 发芽性状 产量 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]