果胶/阳离子淀粉复合纤维的制备及其对Cu^(2+)的吸附  

Preparation of pectin/cationic starch composite fibers and their adsorption ability to Cu^(2+)

作　　者：李佳文 明晓娜 拖晓航 宫玉梅 LI Jiawen;MING Xiaona;TUO Xiaohang;GONG Yumei(School of Textile and Material Engineering,Dalian Polytechnic University,Dalian 116034,China)

机构地区：[1]大连工业大学纺织与材料工程学院,辽宁大连116034

出　　处：《大连工业大学学报》2024年第6期397-402,共6页Journal of Dalian Polytechnic University

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅科学研究基金项目(LJKZ0517);大连市科技基金项目(2022JJ12GX030).

摘　　要：为提高聚阴离子电解质果胶(PEC)的纤维加工性,将其与阳离子淀粉(CS)共混构筑聚电解质复合体系,采用湿法纺丝工艺制备了PEC/CS复合纤维。研究了纺丝工艺参数对纤维形貌及力学性能的影响,确定了最佳纺丝工艺,分析了纤维的化学结构、结晶性能和热稳定性,测试了纤维的生物降解性能及对重金属阳离子的吸附性能。制备PEC/CS复合纤维的最佳工艺参数:PEC与CS质量比10∶1,纺丝液质量分数6.5%,凝固浴质量分数3%、温度为30℃,拉伸倍数为2、拉伸浴温度50℃,交联剂质量分数1%,热定型温度80℃。此条件下制备的PEC/CS复合纤维断裂强度为2.19cN/dtex,断裂伸长率为13.4%;纤维的生物降解性优异,7周质量损失率为81.6%;在室温、pH6、吸附时间6h条件下对Cu^(2+)的吸附量为130.5mg/g。Poly-anionic electrolyte pectin/cationic starch(PEC/CS)composite fibers were prepared by wet spinning method via blending the CS with PEC to construct a polyelectrolyte composite system and improve the process ability of PEC fiber.The effects of spinning process parameters on the fiber morphology and mechanical properties were investigated with the aim of confirming the optimal spinning process.The chemical structure,crystalline properties and thermal stability of the fibers prepared under the optimized conditions were characterized while the biodegradability of the fibers and their adsorption ability to heavy metal cationic ions were tested.The optimized parameters for preparing composite fiber were found to be 10∶1 mass ratio of PEC to CS,6.5% concentration of spinning solution,3% concentration of coagulation bath,temperature of 30℃,2 of stretching multiplier,temperature of stretching bath at 50℃,1% concentration of cross-linking agent,and temperature of heat setting at 80℃.The fracture strength of the prepared fibers was up to 2.19 cN/dtex,and the elongation at break was 13.4%.In addition,the fibers displayed excellent biodegradability with a mass loss rate of 81.6% after seven weeks.The adsorption capacity of fibers to Cu^(2+)was 130.5 mg/g at room temperature,with pH value of 6 and adsorption time of 6 h.

关 键 词：果胶 阳离子淀粉 复合纤维 湿法纺丝 吸附 

分 类 号：O629.12[理学—有机化学]