氢燃料电池无人机舱型和呼吸孔设计与分析  

Design and analysis of cabin model and breathing hole of hydrogen fuel cell UAV

作　　者：宋亚鑫 王正平[1] 张晓辉[1] 吴小萌 程奥祖 Song Yaxin;Wang Zhengping;Zhang Xiaohui;Wu Xiaomeng;Cheng Aozu(School of Aerospace Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Aerospace Science and Industry Intelligent Operations Research and Information Security Institute(Wuhan)Co.,LTD,Wuhan 430040,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学宇航学院,北京100081 [2]航天科工智能运筹与信息安全研究院(武汉)有限公司,武汉430040

出　　处：《战术导弹技术》2024年第5期21-29,54,共10页Tactical Missile Technology

摘　　要：氢燃料电池无人机舱内空间狭小,适宜的热环境是氢燃料电池系统健康高效工作的前提保障。针对无人机舱内环境保障问题,开展舱型对比分析和呼吸孔位优化设计,以保障舱内具有充足空气燃料和适宜温度条件。通过热流耦合仿真分析,对比长方体与圆柱体两种舱型对舱内温度条件的影响,作为氢燃料电池无人机舱型设计的参考。优化布置机舱开孔位置,保障空气流量的同时,寻找最佳舱内温度条件的布孔方案。研究结果表明相比于圆柱体舱型,长方体舱型的舱内温度更低,温度均匀性更好;机舱两侧均为居中开孔时,流体围绕换气孔附近流动,可以与舱内氢燃料电池进行最充分的热交换,舱内整体温度水平最低。The cabin space of the hydrogen fuel cell UAV is small,and the appropriate thermal environment is the prerequisite for the healthy and efficient operation of the hydrogen fuel cell system.Aiming at the environmental protection problem in the cabin of UAV,comparative analysis of cabin models and optimal design of breathing hole position are carried out to ensure sufficient air fuel and suitable temperature conditions in the cabin.Through heat flow coupling simulation analysis,the influence of cuboid and cylinder on cabin temperature conditions is compared,which can be used as a reference for the design of cabin model of hydrogen fuel cell UAV.The opening position of the UAV cabin is optimized to ensure the air flow,and find the best hole layout scheme under the temperature conditions in the cabin.The results show that cuboid cabin has lower temperature and better temperature uniformity than cylinder cabin.When both sides of the cabin are centered,the fluid flows around the exchange hole,which can carry out the most adequate heat exchange with the hydrogen fuel cell in the cabin,and the overall temperature level in the cabin is the lowest.

关 键 词：氢燃料电池 热管理 无人机 热流耦合 CFD仿真 

分 类 号：V271.4[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]