体外法评价芦苇秸秆与残次香梨混合青贮替代全株玉米青贮的饲用价值  

To Evaluate Feeding Value of a Mixed Silage of Reed Straw and Defective Pear Silage Replacing Whole Corn Silage by in Vitro Method

作　　者：郁万瑞 唐利敏 刘浩南 高崎峰 孙瑜良 陶大勇[1,2,3] 蒋慧 蒋涛[1,2,3] YU Wanrui;TANG Limin;LIU Haonan;GAO Qifeng;SUN Yuliang;TAO Dayong;JIANG Hui;JIANG Tao(College of Animal Science,Tarim University,Alar 843300,China;Key Laboratory of Animal and Grass Resources Utilization in the Tarim Basin,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Alar 843300,China;Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology,Alar 843300,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学动物科学与技术学院,阿拉尔843300 [2]农业农村部环塔里木畜草资源利用重点实验室,阿拉尔843300 [3]塔里木畜牧科技兵团重点实验室,阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第11期7394-7408,共15页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区现代农业奶产业技术体系(XJARS-11);兵团农业关键核心技术攻关项目-华西牛乳肉兼用(军垦型)新品系培育(NYHXGG,2023AA205);师市重点领域科技攻关项目-甘草茎叶与全株玉米混合青贮在绵羊生产中高效利用及示范(S2023LY00007);塔里木大学校长基金-甘草茎叶在44团肉牛生产中高效利用及示范(TDZXZX202303)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究芦苇秸秆与残次香梨混合青贮替代全株玉米青贮对瘤胃体外发酵参数、营养物质降解率与微生物组成动态变化的影响。试验采用体外发酵技术,用芦苇秸秆与残次香梨的质量比例为6∶4的混合青贮替代0(T0组,对照组)、10%(T1组)、30%(T3组)和50%(T5组)的全株玉米青贮,体外发酵72 h,测定不同时间点的累积产气量、发酵参数与微生物组成及发酵后的营养物质降解率,并通过多项指标综合指数(MFAEI)综合评价。结果表明:随着发酵时间的延长,产气量及氨态氮(NH_(3)-N)、总挥发性脂肪酸、乙酸、丙酸和丁酸的含量显著升高(P<0.05);在48和72 h时,对照组产气量显著高于T3组和T5组(P<0.05);各组pH和NH 3-N含量差异不显著(P>0.05);总挥发性脂肪酸含量各时间点不同组之间差异不显著(P>0.05);在12和24 h时,T5组乙酸含量显著高于T1组(P<0.05);在3和48 h时,T1组丙酸含量均显著高于T5组(P<0.05);在24 h时,对照组丁酸含量显著高于T5组(P<0.05);对照组的干物质降解率、中性洗涤纤维降解率和酸性洗涤纤维降解率均显著高于T5组(P<0.05);T1组MFAEI显著高于T3组和T5组(P<0.05)。根据试验结果,在本试验条件下推荐使用芦苇秸秆与残次香梨混合青贮替代绵羊饲粮中10%的全株玉米青贮。The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of replacing whole corn silage with a mixture of reed straw and defective pear silage on the dynamics of in vitro rumen fermentation parameters,nutrient degradation rates and microbial composition.In vitro fermentation was carried out by replacing 0(T0 group,control group),10%(T1 group),30%(T3 group)and 50%(T5 group)of whole corn silage for 72 h.The cumulative gas production,fermentation parameters,microbial composition and nutrient degradation rate after fermentation were measured at different time points,and evaluated by multi-indicator composite index(MFAEI).The results showed as follows:with the extension of fermentation time,the gas production and contents of ammonia nitrogen(NH 3-N),total volatile fatty acids,acetic acid,propionic acid and butyric acid were significantly increased(P<0.05).At 48 and 72 h,gas production in control group was significantly higher than that in T3 and T5 groups(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in pH and NH_(3)-N content among all groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in total volatile fatty acid content among different groups at different time points(P>0.05).at 12 and 24 h,the acetic acid content in T5 group was significantly higher than that in T1 group(P<0.05);at 3 and 48 h,the propionic acid content in T1 group was significantly higher than that in T5 group(P<0.05);at 24 h,butyric acid content in control group was significantly higher than that in T5 group(P<0.05);the dry matter degradation rate,neutral detergent fiber degradation rate and acid detergent fiber degradation rate in control group were significantly higher than those in T5 group(P<0.05).MFAEI in T1 group was significantly higher than that in T3 group and T5 group(P<0.05).According to the experimental results,it is recommended to use mixed silage of reed straw and defective pear silage to replace 10%whole corn silage in sheep diet under this experimental condition.

关 键 词：混合青贮 全株玉米青贮 体外发酵 营养物质降解率 微生物组成 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]