天津市城市扩张下土地利用时空变化特征分析  

Analysis of temporal and spatial characteristics of land use under urban expansion in Tianjin city

作　　者：朱灵龙 周舟 冯星宇 阚希 ZHU Linglong;ZHOU Zhou;FENG Xingyu;KAN Xi(Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of IoT Device Hyperconvergence Application and Security,Wuxi University,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214105,China;School of Internet of Things Engineering,Wuxi University,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214105,China;Wuxi Key Laboratory of Internet of Vehicles,Wuxi University,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214105,China;School of Automation,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China)

机构地区：[1]无锡学院江苏省物联网设备超融合应用与安全工程研究中心,江苏无锡214105 [2]无锡学院物联网工程学院,江苏无锡214105 [3]无锡学院车联网重点实验室,江苏无锡214105 [4]南京信息工程大学自动化学院,南京210044

出　　处：《中国科技论文》2024年第11期1177-1189,共13页China Sciencepaper

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42305158,42105143);江苏省高等学校基础科学(自然科学)研究面上项目(23KJB170025)。

摘　　要：准确掌握土地利用格局的时空演变特征及其影响因子的贡献度,对科学推进区域生态保护、维护区域生态格局稳定、推动社会经济高质量发展具有重要意义。以天津市为例,基于逐年的高分辨率土地覆盖数据集,通过动态度模型等方法分析其在城市扩张过程中的土地利用时空变化特征,探索和揭示天津市土地利用类型的变化趋势、空间分布规律以及影响因素。结果表明:1)1992—2021年天津市土地利用类型变化主要表现为耕地面积不断减少,以城市中心和新城中心为核心的建设用地不断扩张,水体面积则先增加后减少。2)土地利用程度指数持续增长,但处于中等水平,仍有进一步发展空间。由于天津市的发展速度高于自身结构调整速度,从而造成稳定性较差,均衡度缓慢增加则代表着其土地利用结构缓慢的演变趋势,优势度的缓慢下降意味着耕地类型优势度逐渐减弱而建设用地优势度的增加。3)自然环境因子、人文社会因子及可达性因子对各类地物变化的贡献程度均较为显著。其中高程对耕地、林地和不透水地表的贡献度较高,坡度则对裸地的贡献度较高,国内生产总值(gross domestic product,GDP)、人口和距二级道路的距离对耕地、水体和不透水地表的贡献度较高,但对不同土地类型的约束方向是不同的。Aiming at scientific promotion of regional ecological conservation,maintaining the stability of regional ecological patterns,and promoting socio-economic high-quality development,the accurate understanding of the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of land use patterns and the contribution of influencing factors is of great significance.Taking Tianjin city as an example,the spatiotemporal changes in land use during its urban expansion process were analyzed via dynamic degree models,based on annual high-resolution land cover datasets.The aim is to explore and reveal the changing trends,spatial distribution patterns,and influencing factors of land use types in Tianjin city.The results indicate that from 1992 to 2021,the main changes in land use types in Tianjin city were the continuous decrease in arable land,the continuous expansion of construction land centered on the urban and new urban centers,and the increase first and then decrease in water body area.The land use degree index continues to increase but remains at a moderate level,suggesting room for further development.The rapid development of Tianjin city has outpaced its own structural adjustment,resulting in poor stability.The slow increase in equilibrium indicates a slow trend in land use structure change,while the slow decline in dominance implies a gradual weakening of arable land dominance and an increase in construction land dominance.Natural environmertal factors,humanities and social factors,and accessibility factors contribute significantly to changes in various land cover types.Among them,elevation contributes significantly to arable land,woodland,and impervious surface area,while slope contributes significantly to bare land.Additionally,factors such as gross domestic product(GDP),population,and distance to secondary roads contribute significantly to arable land,water body,and impervious surface area,but has different constraints direction on different land types.

关 键 词：土地利用 城市扩张 卫星遥感 时空变化 

分 类 号：P951[天文地球—自然地理学] X24[环境科学与工程—环境科学]