从文化之迷到文化共享:人类学田野调查省思  

From Cultural Mysteries to Cultural Sharing: Reflectionson Fieldwork in Anthropology

作　　者：陈沛照 龙芊 CHEN Peizhao;LONG Qian

机构地区：[1]湖北民族大学中华民族共同体研究基地 [2]湖北民族大学民族学与社会学学院

出　　处：《湖北民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第6期20-29,共10页Journal of Hubei Minzu University：Philosophy and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“湘鄂渝黔边区国家通用语言文字教育与铸牢中华民族共同体意识研究”(22BMZ136);教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目“民族区域自治地方构筑中华民族共有精神家园研究”(22JJD850013);湖北省哲学社会科学繁荣计划研究项目“空间的流动与重构”(18ZY004)。

摘　　要：田野调查作为人类学研究的核心实践,不仅是人类学者学术训练的必经阶段,也是学科理论推进发展的源泉。学科史上几乎所有的重要理论总结、提炼与创新均是基于扎实的田野调查;学科理论的发展也反推着田野工作和民族志写作范式更新。人类学者在田野中观他者以探寻远方文化之迷,并在此过程中实现对自我的反思,从而获取对人及其文化的新知。人类学对远方之迷的探索强调了等级主义之下的文化差距,“我”与“他”之间的转换则是主客互变的角色迁移,流动现代性背景下的文化符号共享则是地域共同体以及人类命运共同体构建的时代呼唤。Fieldwork,as the core practice of anthropological research,is not only an indispensable stage in the academic training of anthropologists but also the source for the advancement and development of disciplinary theories.Throughout the history of the discipline,nearly all significant theoretical summaries,refinements,and innovations have been grounded in thorough fieldwork.Furthermore,the evolution of disciplinary theory influences the advancement of fieldwork practices and the paradigms of ethnographic writing.Anthropologists observe“the Other”to explore the mysteries of distant cultures and,in the process,reflect upon themselves,thereby acquiring new knowledge about human beings and their cultures.The anthropological exploration of distant mysteries highlights the cultural disparities under hierarchical systems.The transformation between“I”and the“the Other”represents the role shift between the subject and the object.The sharing of cultural symbols in the context of fluid modernity is the resounding call of the times for the construction of regional communities and even a community with a shared future for mankind.

关 键 词：田野调查 他者文化 流动性 现代性 文化共享 

分 类 号：C912.4[经济管理] G05[社会学]