董仲舒“正其谊不谋其利,明其道不计其功”辨  

On the Principle of“Upholding Righteousness without Seeking Personal Gain and Clarifying the Path without Counting on Achievements”by Dong Zhongshu

作　　者：董金裕 DONG Jinyu(Department of Chinese Language and Literature,National Chengchi University,Taibei,Taiwan 11605,China;Hebei Centre for Studies of Dong Zhongshu and Traditional Culture,Hengshui,Hebei 053000,China)

机构地区：[1]台湾政治大学中文系,中国台湾台北11605 [2]河北省董仲舒与传统文化研究中心,河北衡水053000

出　　处：《衡水学院学报》2024年第6期1-5,共5页Journal of Hengshui University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“董仲舒传世文献考辨与历代注疏研究”(19ZDA027);河北省教育厅人文社会科学重大课题攻关项目“董仲舒思想及其现实意义研究”(ZD202125)。

摘　　要：董仲舒虽然确实讲过“夫仁人者,正其谊不谋其利,明其道不计其功”,但此乃劝谏所事骄纵之主江都易王的言论,难免矫枉而过正,不宜视为其对义利观的定论。从《春秋繁露》董仲舒的多则言论判定,董仲舒的义利观为兼重义利,惟义大于利,固然推崇道义,其实并不漠视功利。对董仲舒“利可均布而民可家足”的主张,分别就其不与民争利的理论建构,轻繇薄敛的具体主张两方面检证董仲舒的真正意旨。董仲舒除了仁民以外,还主张泛爱群生,他承继先秦以来儒家一贯的推爱思想,而不愧于被推许为“儒者宗”。董仲舒以义为主的主张既能弘扬道义、教化大众,又能顾及现实需要,为大众立功谋利。Although Dong Zhongshu did indeed say,“A benevolent person upholds righteousness without seeking personal gain,clarifies the path without counting on achievements,”this statement was made in the context of admonishing the arrogant ruler,King Yi of Jiangdu,and it tends to be overly corrective,so it should not be regarded as his definitive view on the relationship between righteousness and profit.From Dong Zhongshu’s various remarks in Chunqiu Fanlu,it can be concluded that his perspective on righteousness and profit emphasizes a balance,where righteousness outweighs profit.While he advocates for morality,he does not disregard practical benefits.Regarding Dong Zhongshu’s assertion that“benefits can be evenly distributed and the people can be satisfied at home,”we can examine his true intent through two aspects:his theoretical construction that does not compete with the people for benefits and his specific propositions of light taxation and moderate collection.In addition to his benevolence towards the people,Dong Zhongshu also advocated for universal love for all beings,inheriting the Confucian tradition of promoting love that has existed since the pre-Qin era,and thus justifiably earning the title of“the patriarch of Confucianism.”His emphasis on righteousness not only promotes morality and educates the masses but also considers practical needs,seeking to benefit the public.

关 键 词：董仲舒 义利观 正谊明道 利可均布 轻繇薄敛 推爱 

分 类 号：B234.5[哲学宗教—中国哲学]