“个体为真”——“潘晓来信”再解读  

“The Individualism is Real”——A Reinterpretation of“Pan Xiao’s Letter”

作　　者：蔡志栋 CAI Zhidong(College of Philosophy,Law and Political Science,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学哲学与法政学院,上海200234

出　　处：《衡水学院学报》2024年第6期113-118,共6页Journal of Hengshui University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金中华优秀学术外译项目(23WZXB017)。

摘　　要：1980年代“潘晓来信”揭开了新时期个人主义思潮的序幕。其所主张的“主观为自己,客观为别人”既照顾到了他人,又羞羞答答地提出了个体的地位问题。在众多回应性的来信中,既有坚持既往的正统的集体主义的观点,也有肯定私的地位的观点。其后成为哲学工作者的赵林的来信突出了自我的绝对地位,他认为自我是感性的,是决定性的力量。不过他也没有完全否定群体的价值。“潘晓来信”之所以是新时期个人主义的序幕,因为它为“王朔现象”的产生提供了历史背景。两者相比,“潘晓来信”事件的开端性非常明显。虽然“潘晓来信”事件高扬了个体性,不过,实际上最终它是否定个体的,依然倒向了群体;他们对于媒体的权威、知识分子的崇高地位都表示尊敬,还认为提出的困惑能够获得有效的回答。这些和20世纪90年代“王朔现象”所揭示的无力感、虚无感不可同日而语。In the 1980s,“Pan Xiao’s Letter”opened the prelude of individualism in the new era.The assertion that“one should do for oneself subjectively,then for others objectively”takes care of others while timidly raising the issue of the individual’s status.In many letters,some viewpoints adhered to the orthodox collectivist views of the past,while the others affirmed the status of the private individual.The letters from Zhao Lin,who later became a philosophical worker,highlighted the absolute position of the self,which he regarded as a sensory and decisive force.But he doesn’t completely dismiss the value of the group.“Pan Xiao’s Letter”is the prelude to individualism in the new era because it provided the historical background for the emergence of“Wang Shuo phenomenon”.Comparatively,the initiatory nature of the“Pan Xiao’s Letter”incident is very clear.Although the“Pan Xiao’s Letter”incident exalts individuality,it ultimately leaned towards the collective;They showed respect for the authority of the media,the high status of intellectuals,and believed that they could answer the puzzles they raised.These are in sharp contrast to the sense of powerlessness and nothingness uncovered by the“Wang Shuo phenomenon”in the 1990s.

关 键 词：潘晓来信 王朔现象 集体主义 个体 自我 

分 类 号：D432.62[政治法律—政治学] D092[政治法律—国际共产主义运动]