教育中的文化浪漫主义及其后果——再论“底层文化资本”是否可行  

On Cultural Romanticism in Education and its Consequences——Discuss whether the“bottom cultural Capital”is Feasible

作　　者：杜亮 DU Liang(Faculty of Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing,100875,PRC)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部教育基本理论研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《当代教育与文化》2024年第6期47-55,共9页Contemporary Education and Culture

摘　　要：针对近年有关“寒门贵子”的教育热议中提出的“底层文化资本”概念,文章尝试梳理概念提出的理论脉络,深入考察其内含的特征与问题,并剖析概念提出的社会学意义。“底层文化资本”的概念渊源主要由布迪厄提出的文化资本理论及以威利斯为代表的教育中的文化研究构成,但如果将其置于这两个理论框架下考察,可以发现批判性缺失是这一概念存在的主要问题,进而造成“底层文化资本”对于学校与家庭中的文化生产过程的再生产性质的忽略。这一概念缺陷导致某种意义上的“文化浪漫主义”,错误地将社会流动视为社会抵制的一种形式,从而无法对既有的教育与社会不平等构成社会学层面的实质性批判与挑战,并可能对底层背景学生及家庭形成“榜样”式规训。In response to the hotly debated topic of“successful people coming out of humble background”in recent years,this article intends to trace the theoretical genesis of the explanatory concept of“cultural capital of underclass”arising out of the debate as well as its features and pitfalls.It is argued that there are two major theoretic roots of the concept,namely Bourdieu s theory of cultural capital and cultural studies approach introduced into educational research by Willis.Situated within these theoretic frameworks,the major pitfall of the concept of“cultural capital of underclass”lies in its lack of critical perspective,which subsequently causes a significant failure in recognition of the reproduction nature of the cultural production among the“underclass.”This conceptual shortcoming leads to a form of“cultural romanticism”in educational research that mistakenly views upward mobility within existing schooling institutions as a process of social resistance.It therefore fails to substantially challenge the inequalities in current social and educational systems and,in contrary,could operate as a form of power that disciplines the“underclass.”

关 键 词：底层文化资本 寒门贵子 社会流动 抵制理论 模范少数民族 

分 类 号：G40-055[文化科学—教育学原理]