制度发展同步性与地区创业活动  

Synchronization of Institutional Development and Regional Entrepreneurial Activities

作　　者：宋子杰 黄乐维 朱沆[2] Zijie Song;Lewei Huang;Hang Zhu(School of Business,Sun Yat-sen University)

机构地区：[1]中山大学管理学院 [2]中山大学

出　　处：《管理学季刊》2024年第2期111-136,166,167,共28页Quarterly Journal of Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“动态、复杂制度环境下的创业活动研究”(71872193);“双重认知能力与制度环境互动的创新性创业生成机制研究”(72272063)的资助。

摘　　要：制度并非一个不可分割的整体,而是由不同制度维度共同构成的复杂体系。因此,制度发展不仅体现在制度整体层面,也反映在不同制度维度的演进。本文综合考虑制度发展同步性(各项制度维度之发展速度的一致程度)的积极影响和消极影响,分析其如何共同作用于地区创业活动。本文认为,不同步的制度发展进程既会产生复杂性和不确定性,增加创业的成本(成本效应),亦能创造制度套利空间,产生创业机会(机会效应)。基于此,本文认为制度发展同步性与地区创业活动之间存在“U”形关系。同时,若该地区的不确定性规避程度较低或未来导向程度较高,则制度发展不同步产生的负面影响会更弱,创业者能够更积极地利用涌现出来的创业机会。本文构建出覆盖我国280个城市的市级层面数据集(2004~2019年),并对上述假设进行实证检验,实证结果支持了相关假设。上述发现从创业机会角度丰富了对于制度发展同步性的认识,并指出制度发展同步性是影响地区创业活动的重要制度因素。This article scrutinizes how entrepreneurial activities across Chinese provinces are influenced by the synchronization of institutional development,which is defined as the differential speed of reform across various institutional components.Building on the seminal research of Shi and colleagues(2017),scholars have unpacked the critical role of synchronization of institutional development in shaping commercial activities.Specifically,the unsynchronization of institutional development has been proven to pose significant challenges and uncertainties for market entities,resulting in increased transaction costs and operating costs.Despite substantial progress,existing research has predominantly focused on the negative consequences of unsynchronized institutional development,overlooking its potential positive outcomes.Scholarly works on institutional theory has indicated that the incompatibility between logics can facilitate organizations to gain from institutional arbitrage across diverse institutional elements.Considering the importance of identifying and developing new opportunities and business modes for entrepreneurial activities,this study attempts to introduce the perspective of institutional arbitrage to examine the opportunity creation effect of unsynchronization of institutional development and explore how the dynamic,lopsided change of institutional components links to the establishment of start-ups.We posit that unsynchronization of institutional development may influence entrepreneurial activities via the cost effect and the opportunity creation effect.First,unsynchronized institutional development would intensify conflicts among sub-dimensions of the institution,which may result in a decrease in start-up establishment.Second,unsynchronized institutional development may also create opportunities for instutional arbitrage,thus atracting entrepreneurs to engage in entrepreneurship to gain benefts.This is because unsynchronized institutional development would lead to an unequal distribution of resources acros

关 键 词：制度发展同步性 多元制度观 动态制度视角 地区创业活动 

分 类 号：F279.2[经济管理—企业管理]