新时代高职生“就业难”与民企“用工荒”——结构性失衡及治理  

“Employment Difficulties”of Vocational Students and“Labor Shortage”of Private Enterprises in the New Era--Structural Imbalance and Governance

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作  者:宋志超 SONG Zhichao(Zhejiang Industry and Trade Vocational College,325003,Wenzhou,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区:[1]浙江工贸职业技术学院,浙江温州325003

出  处:《特区经济》2024年第11期45-52,共8页Special Zone Economy

基  金:温州市基础性科研项目“高职生‘就业难’与民企‘用工荒’结构性失衡问题研究——以温州市为例”(R20240055)。

摘  要:高职生“就业难”与民企“用工荒”的失衡现象长期存在,伴随时代发展,特别是产业数字化、智能化深度变革,必然引发企业岗位结构调整和能力需求变迁,供需失衡的结构逻辑的内涵特征也悄然发生变化。本文以民营经济发祥地温州为例,基于耦合协调模型分析发现,温州高职发展总体形势良好,能够与民营经济相互支撑、协调发展,但装备制造类专业人才培养滞后于产业需求;基于IPA分析发现,校企双方需求有待前置、了解有待增进,民企存在“功利性”用人观,高职生存在“表面化”就业观。针对性的治理策略应分别从学校视域深化供给侧结构性改革,从民企视域优化需求侧配置,从学生视域增强就业内生力,从政府视域健全有机耦合机制。Although the imbalance between high vocational students’“employment difficulties”and private enterprises’“labor shortage”has existed for a long time,with the development of The Times,especially the deep transformation of industrial digitalization and intelligence,it will inevitably lead to the adjustment of enterprise post structure and the change of ability demand,and the connotation and characteristics of the structural logic of supply and demand imbalance are also quietly changing.Taking Wenzhou,the birthplace of the private economy,as an example,based on the coupling and coordination model analysis,it is found that the overall situation of higher vocational development in Wenzhou is good,and can support and coordinate development with the private economy,but the training of equipment manufacturing professionals lags behind the industrial demand;Based on the IPA analysis,it is found that the needs of both schools and enterprises need to be advanced and the understanding needs to be improved.Private enterprises have a“utilitarian”employment view,and higher vocational students have a“superficial”employment view.Targeted governance strategies should deepen the supply-side reform from the perspective of schools,optimize the demand-side allocation from the perspective of private enterprises,enhance the endogenous force of employment from the perspective of students,and improve the organic coupling mechanism from the perspective of the government.

关 键 词:高职生 民企 就业难 用工荒 治理策略 

分 类 号:G710[文化科学—职业技术教育学]

 

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