车辆段组合减振道岔振动特性及传递规律研究  

Vibration characteristics and transmission law of turnout with combined vibration reduction measures in metro depot

作　　者：刘杰[1] 杜飞 张培杰 廖英英 张厚贵 LIU Jie;DU Fei;ZHANG Peijie;LIAO Yingying;ZHANG Hougui(China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710043,China;Xian New District Rail Transit Investment and Construction Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 712000,China;School of Traffic and Transportation,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China;School of Civil Engineering,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China;Institute of Urban Safety and Environment Science,Beijing Academy of Science and Technology,Beijing 100054,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司,陕西西安710043 [2]西咸新区轨道交通投资建设有限公司,陕西西安712000 [3]石家庄铁道大学交通运输学院,河北石家庄050043 [4]石家庄铁道大学土木工程学院,河北石家庄050043 [5]北京市科学技术研究院城市安全与环境科学研究所,北京100054

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2024年第11期4507-4519,共13页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：北京市财政项目(23CB010);国家自然科学基金面上项目(12072208)。

摘　　要：车辆段内列车频繁运行导致的振动问题严重影响了上盖建筑的居住舒适性。由于车辆段内轨道主要由有砟轨道道岔群组成,有砟道床系统本身的几何不平顺劣化及道岔各部位刚度不平顺导致的低频冲击振动成为车辆段振动控制的关键技术难点问题之一。为解决上述问题,护砟型弹性轨枕及减振型道砟垫的组合减振方案被提出并应用于某车辆段中。为明确护砟型弹性轨枕及减振型道砟垫的组合减振方案下试车线道岔段有砟道床的振动特性及传递规律,以采用组合减振的西安某地铁车辆段为例展开现场测试分析,通过频域内的可重复性试验验证测试数据的有效性。在此基础上,对道岔的入岔、岔心及出岔3个断面的钢轨、轨枕、地面测点进行时域、频域、最大Z振级以及传递损失分析。此外,通过与无减振车辆段的类比确定了组合减振措施的减振量及工作频段。研究结果表明:与其他无实施减振措施的车辆段测试结果相比,组合减振措施最大的减振效果在最大Z振级指标上达到了17.9 dB,除此之外,在1/3倍频程上组合减振措施的工作频带为5~315 Hz;钢轨及轨枕振动水平相当,表明提高扣件刚度和使用弹性轨枕让钢轨及轨枕形成整体化的设计具有明显的效果;道岔岔心的振动水平大于入岔及出岔断面,岔心和出岔引起的地面垂向振动的主要频率为12.5~125 Hz,且随着列车速度的增大入岔断面Z振级的增加也更为显著。研究结果可为地铁车辆段及上盖建筑的振动控制提供参考。The vibration problem caused by the frequent operation of trains in the metro depot seriously affects the living comfort of the over-track building.However,since the track in the depot is mainly composed of ballasted track turnouts,the low frequency shock vibration caused by the geometrical irregularity deterioration of the ballast bed system itself and the stiffness irregularity of each part of the turnout has become one of the key technical difficulties in the vibration control of the metro depot.To solve the above problems,the combined vibration reduction scheme of ballast-protected elastic sleepers and vibration-damping ballast mats was proposed and applied to a depot.In order to clarify the vibration characteristics and transmission law of ballast bed in turnout section of test line under the combined vibration reduction scheme of ballast-protected elastic sleeper and vibration-damping ballast mat.Taking a metro depot in Xi’an with combined vibration reduction as an example,the field measurement and analysis were carried out.The validity of the test data was verified by the repeatability in the frequency domain.On this basis,time domain,frequency domain,maximum Z level and transmission loss analyses were carried out on the rails,sleepers and ground measurement points in the three sections of the turnout into section,center section and out section.In addition,the vibration reduction amount and working frequency band of the combined vibration reduction measures were determined by analogy analysis with the non-vibration reduction depot.The results are drawn as follows.Compared with the test results of other metro depot without vibration reduction measures,the maximum vibration reduction effect of the combined vibration reduction measures reaches 17.9 dB on the maximum Z vibration level index.In addition,the working frequency band of the combined vibration reduction measures is 5~315 Hz on the 1/3 octave.The vibration level of rail and sleeper is equivalent,which shows that improving the stiffness of fastener

关 键 词：地铁车辆段 现场实测 道岔 弹性轨枕 道砟垫 组合减振 

分 类 号：TU375.4[建筑科学—结构工程]