人口老龄化与企业数字化转型  

Population Aging and Enterprise Digital Transformation

作　　者：谷旭婷 罗乐 余应敏[1] XUTING GU;LE LUO;YINGMIN YU

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学会计学院,北京市海淀区100081

出　　处：《中国会计评论》2024年第1期111-144,共34页China Accounting Review

摘　　要：人口老龄化是中国今后较长一段时间的基本国情,深入理解人口老龄化的经济效应有助于做好预测与全面应对冲击的准备。立足数字经济背景,本文以企业数字化转型重大战略为切入点,探究地区人口老龄化对微观企业决策的影响。研究表明,地区人口老龄化会显著抑制区域内企业的数字化转型,其作用机制在于人口老龄化引发社会集体性风险厌恶程度上升,导致企业风险承担水平下降,进而阻碍企业数字化转型。进一步研究发现,在所属地区数字基础建设较为完善和劳动密集度较高的企业中,人口老龄化对企业数字化转型的抑制效应显著减弱。本文从微观企业视角出发,提供了人口老龄化对数字化转型有负面影响的经验证据,加深了人们对人口老龄化微观经济后果的认识,对国家进一步推进企业数字化转型变革、建立企业风险承担水平的平衡机制具有现实意义。Population aging is a basic national condition of China for quite a long time in the future.A thorough understanding of the economic effects of population aging can help make accurate predictions and comprehensive preparations to cope with shocks.Against the background of the digital economy,we take enterprise digital transformation of strategic significance as the entry point to explore the impact of population aging on corporate decisionmaking.We find evidence that firms in regions with older population implement significantly less digital transformation,as population aging leads to a rise in the collective risk aversion of the whole society,which bring about a decline in the corporate risk-taking,thus hindering their digital transformation.Further research shows that the inhibitory effect of population aging on enterprise digital transformation is significantly moderated in firms with relatively well-developed regional digital infrastructures and high labor intensity.We provide empirical evidence that population aging has a negative impact on digital transformation,raise awareness about the microeconomic consequences of population aging,and demonstrate practical relevance in terms of bolstering the digital transformation of enterprises and establishing the mechanism of balancing corporate risk-taking.

关 键 词：人口老龄化 企业数字化转型 风险厌恶 企业风险承担 

分 类 号：F279.2[经济管理—企业管理] F49[经济管理—国民经济] C924.24[社会学—人口学] D669.6[政治法律—政治学]