蜂毒素对青年鹌鹑生长性能、抗氧化功能、肠道机械屏障功能及肠道菌群结构与功能的影响  

Effects of melittin on growth performance,antioxidant function,intestinal mechanical barrier function and intestinal flora structure and function in young quails

作　　者：李治利 尹磊 易先国[1] 杨帅亮 王慧敏 赵严娜 张自富[1] 秦清明 LI Zhili;YIN Lei;YI Xianguo;YANG Shuailiang;WANG Huimin;ZHAO Yanna;ZHANG Zifu;QIN Qingming(College of Animal Science and Technology,Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University,Xinyang 464000,China)

机构地区：[1]信阳农林学院动物科技学院,河南信阳464000

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2024年第22期124-132,139,140,共11页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(222102110192);信阳农林学院大别山区家禽种质资源应用与健康养殖科技创新团队项目(XNKJTD-013);信阳农林学院青年骨干教师培养项目。

摘　　要：为研究日粮中添加蜂毒素对青年鹌鹑生长性能、抗氧化功能、肠道机械屏障功能及肠道菌群结构与功能的影响,试验将120只30日龄雄性白沙维鹌鹑适应性饲养7 d后,采用单因素完全随机设计均分为2组(对照组和蜂毒素组),对照组仅饲喂基础日粮,蜂毒素组饲喂添加蜂毒素(0.12 g/kg)的试验日粮,每组4个重复,每个重复15只,试验期为15 d。试验第1天和试验结束后进行称重,每天记录采食量,计算平均日采食量、平均日增重和料重比;试验结束后每组各重复中随机选取1只鹌鹑进行心脏采血,收集血清,检测超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)质量浓度,以及丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)浓度;采血后处死鹌鹑,采集十二指肠、空肠和回肠组织进行小肠组织形态结构参数(绒毛高度、隐窝深度、绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值)的测定;采用实时荧光定量PCR(qPCR)方法检测空肠机械屏障基因[黏蛋白-2(Mucin-2)、闭合小环蛋白-1(ZO-1)、闭锁蛋白(Occludin)、闭合蛋白-1(Claudin-1)基因]的相对表达量;取盲肠内容物进行菌群16S rDNA基因测序,分析盲肠菌群α多样性(ACE、Chao、Shannon和Simpson指数)和菌群结构与分布情况,并对元基因组进行功能基于直系同源簇(Cluster of Orthologous Groups,COG)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)数据库对菌群功能进行预测。结果表明:与对照组比较,蜂毒素组平均日采食量显著增加(P<0.05),平均日增重和料重比差异不显著(P>0.05);血清SOD活性显著提高(P<0.05),MDA浓度显著降低(P<0.05),GSH-Px活性差异不显著(P>0.05);空肠绒毛高度、十二指肠和空肠绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值显著升高(P<0.05),十二指肠隐窝深度显著降低(P<0.05),其他形态结构参数差异不显著(P>0.05);Mucin-2、ZO-1、Occludin和Claudin-1基因相对表达量显著提高(P<0.05)。两In order to study the effects of dietary addition of melittin on the growth performance,antioxidant function,intestinal mechanical barrier function and intestinal flora structure and function in young quails,in the experiment,one hundred and twenty 30-day-old male Baishawei quails were acclimatized for 7 d and divided into two groups(control and melittin groups)using a one-way completely randomized design.The control group was fed a basal diet only and the melittin group was fed a test diet supplemented with melittin(0.12 g/kg).Each group had four replicates of 15 quails each,and the test period was 15 d.Weighing was done on the first day of the experiment and at the end of the experiment;feed intake was recorded daily and average daily feed intake,average daily weight gain and feed to weight ratio were calculated.At the end of the experiment,one quail from each group in each replicate was randomly selected for cardiac blood collection and serum was collected;superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)mass concentrations and malondialdehyde(MDA)concentration were measured.Quails were executed after blood collection,and duodenal,jejunal,and ileal tissues were collected for the determination of small intestinal morphological and structural parameters[villus height,crypt depth,ratio of villus height to crypt depth].Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(qPCR)was used to detect the relative expression of jejunal mechanical barrier genes[mucin-2(Mucin-2),closed occludin-1(ZO-1),occludin,and claudin-1(Claudin-1)genes].Cecum contents were taken for bacterial community 16S rDNA gene sequencing,and to analyze the alpha diversity(ACE,Chao,Shannon,and Simpson indexes)and colony structure and distribution of the cecal colony,and the bacterial community functions were predicted based on the Cluster of Orthologous Groups(COG)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)databases.The results showed that compared with the control group,the average daily feed intake of the melittin group was significantly inc

关 键 词：蜂毒素 鹌鹑 生长性能 抗氧化功能 肠道机械屏障功能 肠道菌群结构 肠道菌群功能 

分 类 号：S834.4[农业科学—畜牧学]