廖平、康有为“学术公案”之再鞫与定谳  

A Reexamination and Final Judgement of the“Case of Disputed Scholarship”Involving Liao Ping and Kang Youwei

作　　者：陶亮 TAO Liang(School of Humanities,Sichuan University)

机构地区：[1]四川大学历史文化学院,成都610207

出　　处：《清史研究》2024年第6期76-88,共13页The Qing History Journal

基　　金：2017年国家社科基金重大招标项目“中国道统思想研究”(17ZDA010);2023年国家社科基金青年项目“刘歆乐律学思想研究”(23CZX017)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：百余年来,廖平、康有为“学术公案”难以定论的关键就在于忽视了作为整体运思的“两篇”与“两考”。目前尚无实质性证据表明《新学伪经考》成书早于《辟刘篇》,据新见廖平信函,《周礼删刘》曾与《知圣篇》一起被携带至粤,康氏得以了解“尊今抑古”之说全貌。嘉道间,学人以优劣判分今古,彼此并非截然对立。1888年,廖平由《续今古学考》分作“两篇”,首次在抑古与知圣之间构建起经义关联。1890年起,康有为循之作“两考”,力证黜伪是尊孔的必然前提。这种著述形式与思维逻辑是廖、康唯一完全相同之处,据之可定谳该公案。但并非意味着康氏存在抄袭之举,二人今古学体系全然不同,由此可略窥清末思想界的内在分裂。For over a century,the key to the unresolved academic controversy between Liao Ping and Kang Youwei lies in the oversight of the“two works”and“two examinations”as holistic considerations.Currently,there is no substantive evidence that the“Forged Classics of the New Learning”was written earlier than the“Refutation of Liu Xin”.According to newly discovered Liao Ping letters,“Zhou Li Shan Liu”was carried to Guangdong together with the“Recognizing the Sage”,and Kang was able to understand the theory of“Respecting the Modern Classical Text and oppose the Ancient Classical Text”.Previously,Jia dao scholars judged the advantages and disadvantages of the ancient times,and they were not completely opposed to each other.In 1888,Liao Ping was divided into“Refutation of Liu Xin”and“Recognizing the Sage”from the examination of continuing Modern and Ancient Studies,and for the first time constructed the relationship between suppression of antiquity and knowing sage.Since 1890,Kang Youwei has followed his work“Forged Classics of the New Learning”and“Confucius as a Reforme”,and it is the inevitable premise of respecting Confucius to prove the falsehood.This form of writing and logical thinking is the only aspect in which Liao and Kang completely agree,according to which the“academic case”can be settled.But it doesn’t mean that Kang’s plagiarism exists,they completely different systems of modern and ancient studies,and the inner division of the ideological circles in the late Qing Dynasty can also be seen.

关 键 词：廖平 康有为 羊城之会 抑古尊今 知识转型 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]