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作 者:高涵 赖家 李吟霁 GAO Han;LAI Jia;LI Yinji(Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan Hunan 411201)
机构地区:[1]湖南科技大学,湖南湘潭411201
出 处:《当代职业教育》2024年第6期38-49,共12页Contemporary Vocational Education
基 金:湖南省哲学社会科学基金项目“乡村卓越工匠之师成长规律及其养成路径”(编号:19YBA197)。
摘 要:乡村振兴,关键在人。农民素质与技能的不断提升是推动农村经济社会发展的重要动因。通过对95份与农民技能教育相关的国家政策文本进行分析发现:我国农民技能教育政策先后历经以扫盲和初级技术教育为中心的初步探索阶段;以系统性规划和建设为重点的规范发展阶段;以扩规增量和分类提质为主题的多样态改革阶段;以服务乡村振兴为核心的深化发展阶段。在此过程中,农民技能教育政策的发展遵循着以下变迁逻辑:从效率优先转向关注公平与以人为本的价值取向;从被动适应转向主动作为的协调过程;从关注政策性管理转向强化法治性管理的实施保障。展望未来,农民技能教育政策应秉持多元利益主体协同的价值取向,凸显民意参与和乡土人文的话语体系,形成“利益—权利—行动”的动力机制,强化农民技能教育政策与国家发展战略嵌连的实施保障。The key to rural revitalization lies in the people,the continual upgrading of farmers'qualities and skills is an important driving force for rural economic and social development.An analysis of 95 national policy texts related to farmers'skills education reveals that farmers'skills education policy in China has successively gone through a initial exploration phase centered on literacy and primary technical education,a standardized development phase focused on systematic planning and construction,the stage of diversified reform with the theme of broadening and increasing the quantity and classifying and improving the quality,and the stage of deepening development centered on serving the rural revitalization of the countryside.In this process,the development of farmers'skills education policy follows the following logic of change:a policy value orientation that shifts from emphasizing efficiency to focusing on fairness and people-centric;a policy formulation and implementation process that shifts from passive adaption to proactive action,and a policy implementation guarantee that shifts from focusing on policy management to strengthening rule of law management.Looking ahead,the farmers'skills education policies should uphold the value orientation of synergy of multiple interests,emphasize the discourse rules of public opinion participation and local humanities,establish the power mechanism of interests-rights-action,and strengthen the process guarantee of embedding the farmers'skills education policies with the national development strategy.
关 键 词:乡村振兴 农民技能教育 职业教育 高素质农民 乡村工匠
分 类 号:G710[文化科学—职业技术教育学]
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