人工智能发展对劳动者就业的影响探析  

An Analysis of the Impact of Artificial Intelligence Development on Workers’Employment

作　　者：张华娟 ZHANG Huajuan(School of Marxism,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China;School of Marxism,Tianjin Light Industry Vocational Technical College,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学马克思主义学院,天津300387 [2]天津轻工职业技术学院马克思主义学院,天津300350

出　　处：《内蒙古民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第6期113-120,共8页Journal of Inner Mongolia Minzu University：Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学2022年度重点课题“人工智能发展对我国工人阶级的影响研究”(项目编号:22AKS014);天津师范大学研究生科研创新项目“人工智能发展对工人阶级就业影响研究”(项目编号:2023KYCX041Y)。

摘　　要：人工智能发展会对劳动者就业产生影响,从积极的方面看,人工智能发展能够重塑工作模式,提高劳动生产力,增加新就业形态劳动者的数量,有利于实现人类整体的劳动解放;从消极的方面看,人工智能资本化追逐最大剩余价值,对劳动者产生就业替代;提高资本有机构成,增加劳动者的失业风险;削弱劳动者的就业话语权,加剧劳动对资本的实际从属,出现“就业悖论”。人工智能作为引领新一轮科技革命和产业变革的战略性技术,正在成为全球竞争的制高点和经济增长的驱动力之一,也成为加速中国式现代化进程的重要推动力。在积极发展人工智能技术的同时,也应当规避或者降低人工智能技术对劳动者就业带来的负面影响,相关部门需要在大力发展智能生产力、为劳动者充分就业提供前提和基础的同时,进一步全面深化改革,完善体制机制,为实现劳动者高质量就业提供保障,立足人工智能的社会主义应用以突破其发展悖论。The development of artificial intelligence will impact workers’employment.From a positive perspective,artifi-cial intelligence reshapes economic and work models,improves labor productivity,and increases new forms of employment,con-tributing to the overall emancipation of labor.From a negative perspective,the capitalization of artificial intelligence pursues maximum surplus value,leading to job displacement for workers.It increases unemployment risks.It diminishes workers’bar-gaining power,aggravates the subordination of labor to capital,and creates an“employment paradox”.As a strategic technology leading the next round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation,artificial intelligence is becoming a strategic high ground and a main driving force of global economic growth,showing an irreversible development trend.While actively embracing artificial intelligence,it is necessary to mitigate its negative impact on workers’employment by further deep-ening reforms and improving systems and mechanisms,providing guarantees for high-quality employment,and breaking through the development paradox of artificial intelligence by focusing on its socialist application.

关 键 词：人工智能 劳动者 就业 影响 

分 类 号：C912[经济管理]