古贤和小浪底水库联合调水调沙运用方式研究  

Research on the Joint Water and Sediment Regulation Operation Mode of Guxian Reservoir and Xiaolangdi Reservoir

作　　者：鲁俊 朱呈浩 陈翠霞 高兴 刘俊秀 LU Jun;ZHU Chenghao;CHEN Cuixia;GAO Xing;LIU Junxiu(Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Key Laboratory of Water Management and Water Security for Yellow River Basin,Ministry of Water Resources(Under Construction),Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司,河南郑州450003 [2]水利部黄河流域水治理与水安全重点实验室(筹),河南郑州450003

出　　处：《人民黄河》2024年第12期31-36,共6页Yellow River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3208603);国家自然科学基金资助项目(U2243237,U22A20237)。

摘　　要：在近期黄河水沙与工情不断变化的背景下,研究古贤和小浪底水库联合调水调沙运用方式,对于黄河中下游水沙调控以及水库群综合效益发挥意义重大。考虑黄河水沙年际变化大的自然特性,尽可能发挥水库群对水资源调节的综合利用效益,对古贤和小浪底水库原来以排沙减淤为主的联合调水调沙运用方式进行优化,提出“丰调枯蓄”的运用方式。采用2000年以来实测水沙系列,通过构建耦合泥沙冲淤、水库调度、跨年调节径流、电站发电等多个模块的数学模型,从水库排沙、河道减淤、水资源调蓄、发电兴利等多方面进行了对比分析,结果表明:优化运用方式年均增加古贤水库淤积量0.03亿m^(3)、小浪底水库淤积量0.02亿m^(3)、下游河道冲刷量0.01亿m^(3),增加古贤水库调蓄水量29.6亿m^(3)、跨年调节径流量2.66亿m^(3)、发电量4.79亿kW·h,优化运用方式可在基本保持水库有效库容、保障输沙减淤效益的条件下,明显提高水资源调蓄和发电兴利等综合利用效益。In the context of continuous changes in water and sediment and engineering conditions of the Yellow River in recent times,stud⁃ying the joint water and sediment regulation operation mode of Guxian Reservoir and Xiaolangdi Reservoir is of great significance for water and sediment regulation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and comprehensive benefits of reservoir groups.Considering the natu⁃ral characteristics of large inter⁃annual variation of water and sediment in the Yellow River,we aimed to maximize the comprehensive utiliza⁃tion benefits of reservoir groups in water resources regulation.The joint water and sediment regulation operation mode of Guxian Reservoir and Xiaolangdi Reservoir was optimized,which originally focused on sediment discharge and reduction,and a“wet⁃year regulation and dry⁃year storage”operation mode was proposed.Using the measured water and sediment series since 2000,a mathematical model coupled with multi⁃ple modules such as sediment erosion and sedimentation,reservoir scheduling,cross year runoff regulation,and power generation was built.A comparative analysis was conducted from multiple aspects such as reservoir sediment discharge,river sedimentation reduction,water re⁃sources regulation and storage,and power generation.The results show that the optimized application mode has increased the sedimentation volume of Guxian Reservoir by 3 million m3 per year,the sedimentation volume of Xiaolangdi Reservoir by 2 million m3 and the downstream river erosion volume by 1 million m3.The increased regulation and storage volume of Guxian Reservoir by 2.96 billion m3,cross year regula⁃tion volume by 266 million m3 and power generation by 479 million kW·h.Overall,the optimized application mode can significantly improve the benefits of water resources regulation and power generation while ensuring the benefits of sediment discharge and sedimentation reduction.

关 键 词：调水调沙 运用方式 古贤水库 小浪底水库 

分 类 号：TV62[水利工程—水利水电工程] TV882.1