黄土高原生态系统服务价值演变及驱动力分析  

Analysis of the Evolution and Driving Forces of Ecosystem Service Value in the Loess Plateau

作　　者：黄会平[1] 李盼中 韩宇平[1] 何思翰 黄晓东 穆文彬[1] 王春颖[1] HUANG Huiping;LI Panzhong;HAN Yuping;HE Sihan;HUANG Xiaodong;MU Wenbin;WANG Chunying(College of Water Resources,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学水资源学院,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《人民黄河》2024年第12期90-97,共8页Yellow River

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区寒旱区水资源与生态水利工程研究中心(院士专家工作站)资助项目(2024.B-001);河南省科技攻关项目(242102320322);河南省自然科学基金面上项目(232300421249)。

摘　　要：“退耕还林还草”工程使黄土高原土地利用和生态环境发生了显著变化。基于2000年、2010年、2020年土地利用数据、植被因子、社会经济数据等,对改进的生态系统服务价值当量因子表进行修正,采用空间自相关分析和地理探测器等方法,核算了各网格单元生态系统服务价值,探讨了生态系统服务价值时空变化特征及空间分异性驱动机制。结果表明:与2000年相比,2020年林地和建设用地面积增加,草地面积略有减少,耕地面积显著减少;2000年、2010年和2020年生态系统服务价值分别为7565.54亿、11473.26亿、14335.51亿元,草地和林地的生态系统服务价值占比较大;在生态系统服务功能中,调节服务价值最大,其次为支持服务;生态系统服务价值空间集聚特征以高高集聚和低低集聚为主;归一化植被指数(NDVI)、降水量、净初级生产力(NPP)、生态用地面积占比和土地利用程度对生态系统服务价值空间分异性影响显著。The Grain for Green Project has led to remarkable changes in land use and ecological environment on the Loess Plateau.Based on the land use data,vegetation factors and social and economic data of 2000,2010 and 2020,revising the improved table of equivalent factors of ecosystem service value,using spatial autocorrelation analysis and geographical detector,the ecosystem service value of different grid units was calculated as well as the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of ecosystem service value and the driving mechanism of spatial dif⁃ferentiation were discussed.The results show that comparing with 2000,the area of forest land and construction land is increased,the area of grassland is decreased slightly,and the area of cultivated land is decreased significantly in 2020.The ecosystem service value in 2000,2010 and 2020 is 756.554,1147.326 and 1433.551 billion yuan respectively.The ecosystem service value of grassland and forest land accounts for a relatively large proportion.Among the types of ecosystem service value,the regulation service value is the highest,followed by the sup⁃port service.The spatial aggregation characteristics of ecosystem service value are mainly high⁃high aggregation and low⁃low aggregation.Nor⁃malized vegetation index(NDVI),precipitation,net primary productivity(NPP),ecological land area proportion and land use degree have significant effects on the spatial differentiation of ecosystem service value.

关 键 词：生态系统服务价值 驱动力分析 退耕还林 地理探测器 黄土高原 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]