曲面轨道摩擦力做功问题的讨论  

DISCUSSION OF THE WORK DONE BY FRICTION FORCE ON CURVED ORBITS

作　　者：唐瑾怡 桑芝芳[1] TANG Jinyi;SANG Zhifang(School of Physical Science and Technology,Soochow University,Suzhou,Jiangsu 215006)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学物理科学与技术学院,江苏苏州215006

出　　处：《物理与工程》2024年第4期199-204,共6页Physics and Engineering

基　　金：江苏省教育科学“十四五”规划2021年度课题“基于师范专业认证的教育类实践课程表现性评价研究”(B/2021/01/39)。

摘　　要：摩擦力做功问题是大学、中学物理教学中常见的问题,也是物理教学的重点和难点。本文推导了物体在任意粗糙曲面轨道上运动的摩擦力做功表达式,并以四分之一圆弧轨道和抛物线型轨道为例,借助MATLAB软件数值计算,结合图像分析物体下滑过程中速率、支持力、摩擦力做功随角度的变化特点,并讨论动摩擦因数变化对三者的影响,同时计算出使物体恰好静止于上述两种轨道最低点对应的动摩擦因数应满足的条件,以期丰富学生对曲面轨道摩擦力做功问题的认识。The problem of friction work is common in physics teaching in universities and middle schools,and it is also a key and difficult point in physics teaching.This paper derives the expression of the friction work to object on an arbitrary rough curved orbit,and takes quarter arc track and parabolic track as examples,analyzing the characteristics of the velocity,support force,and friction work with angle during the sliding process,discussing the impact of the dynamic friction factor on the three,and calculating dynamic friction factor which makes the object exactly stops at the lowest point of the two tracks above,to enrich studentsunderstandings.

关 键 词：摩擦力做功 非光滑曲面 自然坐标系 

分 类 号：G633.7[文化科学—教育学]