小学语文教材德育资源的挖掘与借鉴——基于清末民初语文教材的分析  

The Exploration and Reference of Moral Education Resource in Chinese Language and Literature Textbooks for Primary School

作　　者：苏新春[1,2,3] 周飞[1] SU Xin-chun;ZHOU Fei(Xiamen University,Fujiang Xiamen 361005,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学中国语言文学系,福建厦门361005 [2]厦门大学嘉庚学院,福建漳州363123 [3]厦门大学国家语言资源监测与研究教育教材中心,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《语言与翻译》2024年第3期67-73,80,共8页Language and Translation

基　　金：国家语委重点项目“统编语文教材语言学知识向语文知识转换策略研究”(编号“ZDI145-78”)。

摘　　要：清末民初语文教材在构建新的伦理精神中发挥了重要作用。调查发现,这一时期的小学语文教材在德育原则与目的、德育主题、德育题材与内容、德育形式与方法分别呈现出政治性、时代性、儿童性等特点。在国家变革、新旧道德交替的时代背景下,清末民初小学语文教材探索了多种德育形式与方法,在宣传新伦理精神,改造国民性的任务中发挥了重要作用。但教材中也保留了较多不合时宜的伦理思想与价值取向,过分强调教材建设的政治性也在一定程度上影响了语文教材德育的效果。这些经验与教训启示我们:树立学科德育观念,深度挖掘与利用语文教材的德育资源;厚植中华文化底蕴,持续优化社会主义核心价值观融入教材;基于儿童立场,构建科学合理的小学语文德育内容体系;遵循“文道统一”思想,促进语文知识教育与道德教育的协调发展。The Chinese language and literature textbooks of the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China played an important role in constructing a new ethical spirit.The investigation found that the Chinese language and literature textbooks of the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China presented characteristics such as political,contemporary,and childlike in terms of moral education principles and objectives,moral education themes,moral education subject matters and content,and moral education forms and methods.In the context of national reform and the transition of old and new morals,the Chinese language and literature textbooks for primary schools in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China explored various forms and methods of moral education,which played an important role in promoting the spirit of new ethics and transforming national character.However,the textbooks also retained many outdated ethical ideas and value orientations,and overemphasizing the political nature of textbook construction has also to some extent affected the effectiveness of moral education in Chinese language and literature textbooks.These experiences and lessons inspire us:Firstly,establish the concept of moral education on disciplinary and deeply explore and utilize the moral education resources in Chinese language and literature textbooks;Secondly,cultivate the cultural heritage of China and continuously optimize the integration of socialist core values into textbooks;Thirdly,construct a scientific and reasonable content system of moral education for Chinese language and literature education in primary school based on the perspective of children;Fourthly,promote the coordinated development of Chinese language knowledge education and moral education following the idea of"unity of literature and morality".

关 键 词：清末民初 语文 德育 

分 类 号：H19[语言文字—汉语]